Chapter 1 Flashcards
To aid in identification, it is suggested that what be used?
Paints and flags
Utility companies have adopted standard colors, what is the proper color for ELECTRICAL?
Red
Utility companies have adopted standard colors, what is the proper color for Gas?
Yellow
Utility companies have adopted standard colors, what is the proper color for WATER?
Blue
Utility companies have adopted standard colors, what is the proper color for SEWER?
Green
Utility companies have adopted standard colors, what is the proper color for PHONE,COMMUNICATION LINES?
Orange
The bottom course of all walls should be what?
Buried below grade
Excavation of a wide trench along the wall alignment will ease access problems. What do you use for excavation?
Skid-steer
Never use what material for base, infill or backfill?
Pea Gravel
What is a more costly substitute for railroad ties?
Treated wood/Landscape Timber
Two common types of segmental units are called what?
Pinned and Lipped wall units
What is missing using dry-laid stone?
Mortar
Excavations maybe required in locations where walls are being placed. How many feet in front and behind wall to excavate?
2 feet/ 2 feet
When excavation and unstable materials are encountered _______ should be removed and replaced with what?
Granular base
Crushed stone that passes a what inch sieve is suitable for the second layer?
3/8 Inch
Under the alignment of the footing, excavate and place a minimum of what inches of sand?
2 Inches
Place drainage tile behind the wall, backfill with what?
Free-drainage angular backfill
Wall failure can often be traced to what?
Hydrostatic (Water) Pressure
Schedule 40 PVC pipes running completely through the base course of the wall every how many feet?
6 to 8 feet
Openings in the PVC pipes are called what?
Weepholes
Supplemental drainage is recommended in any type wall that exceeds how many feet in height?
6 to 8 Feet
Backfill materials should be placed in lifts, or layers of no more that how many inches before compaction?
6 Inches
What should be used in order to save a portion of the pavement?
Concrete Saw
To effectively remove pavement using a jack hammer, what should be used?
Breaker Bar to score concrete
Start the jack hammer removal by driving shallow indentation, how many inches apart?
4 Inches
Burial pits should be covered with a minimum of how much soil?
5 Feet
Healthy, wood plant material can be recycled by using what?
Using a chipper
Grading is accomplished through a process called what?
Cutting and filling
How much dirt would not be uncommon for a landscape contractor to move?
50 Cubic Yards
When considering the grading portion of a project, the decision should be properly match a contractors what?
Equipment and capabilities
What pieces of equipment would you use on a small site?
Skid-steer
What kind of equipment is needed on a big job site?
Bull dozer or Scraper
To complete to finish grading, how many steps of grading does it take?
6
Another formula for calculating burial depth is to bury the base course how many inches for every foot of wall height?
1 Inch
Many of the wall materials, particularly the unit wall materials, can be pinned to the subgrade using how long of rebars?
24 Inches
Where should this 24 inch rebar driven through holes in the material and into what?
Base
Batter can be built into a wall by tilting the base course slightly backward. How much fall from the front to back?
1/4”
Standard for step-back range is how many inches for each foot of wall height?
1 to 2 inches
How many types of anchors and what are they called?
3- verticals, deadmen, geogrid
While design professionals can design walls of extreme heights, without the benefit of their expertise, the maximum wall height should be what?
4 Feet
