Chapter 1

Question 1

Analysis based on asking questions that focus on immediate causation

Answer 1

proximate analysis

Question 2

Analysis based on asking questions that relate to the evolution of a trait

Answer 2

ultimate analysis

Question 3

Measured by the number of viable offspring produced, plus any effects that individual might have on the direct decedents of its own offspring.

Answer 3

direct fitness

Question 4

Measured by the increased reproductive success of individual’s genetic relatives (not including offspring) that are due to the individuals behavior.

Answer 4

indirect fitness

Question 5

An approach that entails gathering data in one form or another and drawing inferences from that data. Usually observational or experimental

Answer 5

empirical approach