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Sociology 111 - 06 Revised > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is sociology?

A

The social science that studies the development, structure, and functioning of human society

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2
Q

Who coined the term sociological imagination?

A

C. Wright Mills

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3
Q

Sociological imagination

A

Capacity to shift from one perspective to another - from political to psychological
Allows us to understand individual’s circumstances as shared by social forces

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4
Q

Ibn Khaldûn

A

First person to carry out systematic study of sociology subjects

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5
Q

Ibn Khaldûn book

A

An introduction to history - developed systematic approach to studying various types of societies and their histories, cultures, economies

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6
Q

Development of sociology in Europe

A

Developed in response to social changes:
- industrialization
- urbanization
- population increases
- revolution

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7
Q

Max Weber: founder of modern sociology

A

Identified set values embodied in early Protestantism. He called this the Protestant work ethic

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8
Q

Sociologists out of the Chicago school

A
  1. Robert park
  2. Ernest burgess
  3. Everett C. Hughes
  4. George Herbert mead
  5. Edwin Sutherland
  6. Jane Addams
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9
Q

Robert park

A

Urban sociologist who was a founding member of the Chicago school of sociology

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10
Q

Everett C Hughes

A

Chicago school sociologist who studied the ethnic division labour in Quebec

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11
Q

George Herbert mead

A

Father of “symbolic interactionism” who looked how the self is constructed through personal exchanges with others

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12
Q

Edwin Sutherland

A

Criminal sociologist and symbolic interactionist who introduced the idea of white-collar crime

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13
Q

Jane Addams

A

Social worker/activist, sociologist, and intellectual who established america’s first settlement house, in Chicago

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14
Q

Carl Addington Dawson

A

First professional, institutionalized sociologist in Canada
Reflected two element of of early Canadian sociology:
1. Social gospel movement
2. Hands-on social work

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15
Q

Vertical mosaic

A

Analysis of social class and power in Canada, coined by john porter

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16
Q

John porter

A

Examined relationship between social class and ethnicity

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17
Q

Three early women sociologists and the writing of gender in Canada

A
  1. Annie Marion Maclean
  2. Aileen Ross
  3. Helen C. Abel
18
Q

Annie Maclean

A

First Canadian women to obtain PhD in sociology

19
Q

Aileen Ross

A

First women hired as sociologist at Canadian university

20
Q

Helen C. Abel

A

Founder of rural sociology in Canada

21
Q

Sociology by approach

A
  1. Structural functionalism
  2. Conflict theory
  3. Symbolic interactionism
  4. Feminist theory
  5. Postmodern theory
22
Q

Macrosociolgy

A

Focuses on the big picture of society and institutions
Ex.
- Structural functionalism
- Conflict theory
- Feminist theory
- Postmodern theory

23
Q

Microsociology

A

Focuses on the plans, motivations, and actions of individuals and smaller groups
Ex
- Symbolic interactionism

24
Q

Structural functionalism

A

Uses organic or biological analogy for society
1. Durkheim
2. Merton
3. Parsons

25
Q

Émile Durkheim

A

Coined social fact - patterned way of acting, thinking, feeling
Anomie - societal state of breakdown or confusion/ lack of connection with society

26
Q

Robert Merton

A
  1. Manifest functions - intended and readily recognized
  2. Latent functions - unintended and unrecognized
  3. Latent dysfunctions - unintended and produce socially negative consequences
27
Q

Conflict theory

A

Based on 4 C’s
1. Conflict
2. Class
3. Contestation
4. Change

28
Q

Karl Marx

A

Society is a hierarchy and positions are determined by the groups role in wealth
Marx saw conflict between the bourgeoisie (capitalist) and proletariat (workers) which would initiate egalitarian (classless) society

29
Q

Symbolic interactionism figures

A
  1. George Herbert mead
  2. Herbert blumer
  3. Erving goffman
30
Q

Herbert blumer

A

Coined the term symbolic interactionism - individuals and groups create and maintain social systems through interaction

31
Q

Erving Goffman

A

Coined the term total institution - (prisons, boarding schools, concentration camps) which seek to regulate, control, manipulate residents

32
Q

Dorothy smith

A

Developed standpoint theory out of her own discrimination- standpoint theory challenges objective analysis

33
Q

Feminist waves

A

First wave: campaign for civil and political rights
Second wave: focus on public and private rights
Third wave: inclusion of LGBTI and radicalized individuals
Forth wave: empowerment of women
Fifth wave: ???

34
Q

Postmodern theory

A

Seeks to include a diversity of voices, especially those that are drowned out by dominant groups

35
Q

Michel Foucault

A
  1. Discourses - distinct ways of speaking about some element of reality
  2. Totalitarian - describes set of beliefs or ideas that dominates all others
  3. Totalitarian discourse - refers to any universal claim about how knowledge or understanding is achieved
36
Q

Sociology by audience

A
  1. Professional sociology
  2. Critical sociology
  3. Policy sociology
  4. Public sociology
37
Q

Professional sociology

A

Research designed to generate highly specific information, applying to particular problem or intellectual question

38
Q

Critical sociology

A

Considered by Michael Burawoy to be the “conscience of professional sociology
Aims to make professional sociologists do not become lost in esoteric debates that they lose sight of goals of sociological inquiry

39
Q

Policy sociology

A

Generates sociological data used in the development of social policies
three main areas: education, health, social welfare

40
Q

Public sociology

A

make sociology accessible to public through jargon free language

Sociology 111 - 06 Revised (4 decks)

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