Chapter 1 Flashcards
computer system
combination of all the components required to process and store data using a computer
hardware
the collection of physical devices that comprise a computer system
software
programs that tell the computer what to do
programming
act of developing and writing programs
application software
comprises all the programs you apply to a task
app
piece of application software
system software
comprises the programs that you use to manage your computer
input
entry of data
data items
text, numbers, and other info processed by a computer
central processing unit (CPU)
hardware component that processes data
output
sending out data
information
processed data
cloud
remote computers through the internet
storage devices
hardware that holds information for later retrieval
programming languages are used to
used to write programs
coding the program
act of writing programming language instructions
syntax
language or grammar
syntax error
error in language or grammar
computer memory
temporary, internal storage
random access memory (RAM)
temporary internal computer storage
volatile
storage that loses contents when power is lost
nonvolatile
storage that keeps contents when power is lost
machine language
computer’s binary language
source code
statements in a programming language
object code
translated machine language
compiler/interpreter
translates high-level language into machine language and determines errors
binary language is represented using
1s and 0s
to run or execute a program is to
carry out its instructions
scripting languages
used to write programs that are typed directly from a keyboard and are stored as text instead of binary files
logical error
incorrect instruction are performed or performed in the wrong order
logic
sequence of instructions that lead to a solution
variable
named memory location whose value can vary
what are the program development cycle steps
- U
what are the program development cycle steps
- understand the problem
- plan the logic
- code the program
- use software to translate the program
- test the program
- put the program into production
- maintain the program
users
people who employ the computer programs
documentation
all the paperwork for a program
algorithm
sequence of steps to solve a problem
IPO chart
a tool that shows input, processing, and output tasks
TOE chart
tool that lists tasks, objects, and events
desk checking
walking through a program solution on paper
high level programming language
supports english syntax
low level machine language
made up of 1s and 0s
debugguing
process of finding and correcting program errors
conversion
actions an organization must take to switch over to using a new program or set of programs
maintenance
all the improvements made to a program
pseudocode
English representation of the logical steps to solve a problem
flowchart
pictorial representation of the logical steps to solve a problem
input/ output symbol
indicates an input/output operation (parallelogram)
processing symbol
indicates processing operation (rectangle)
flowlines
arrows that connect the steps in a flowchart
terminal symbol
indicates beginning or end of flowchart
loop
repetition of a series of steps
infinite loop
loop doesn’t end
making a decision is the act of
testing a value
decision symbol
represents decisions (diamond)
dummy value
preselected value that stops program
sentinel value
preselected value that stops program
what does eof mean
end of file
text editor
program that creates simple text files
integrated development environment (IDE)
software package that provides editor, compiler, and other programming tools
Microsoft Visual Studio IDE
IDE for C++ and C#
command line
where you type text entries
graphical user interface (GUI) allows users to
interact with a program in a graphical environment
procedural programming
programming model that focuses on the procedures that programmers create
object oriented programming
programming model that focuses on objects or things and describes their features (attributes).
