Chapter 1 Flashcards
What do sociologists do?
- Sociologists notice social patterns
- they recognize that our personal experiences are affected by our social location (sex, age, class, ethnicity, race, religion, and sexual orientation)
- investigate and challenge social patters that other people perceive
- discuss social issues
What is sociology?
- involves looking for and looking at social patterns
- examines social variables, such as age, gender, race , ethnicity, religion, ability, and sexual orientations
-> social institutions such as education, religion, and the family
-> social interactions
Sociology is a social science!
What does studying sociology help gain a greater understanding of?
- the social world
- yourself and self-fashioning on a social scale (how you relate to patterns of social behaviour)
- others in multicultural and diverse social worlds across Canada
- the other worlds of nations and their social institutions
Who coined the term sociological imagination?
C. Wright Mills
What is sociological imagination?
- focus on society, not the individual
- understanding individuals circumstances as shaped by social forces
- helps understand the connections between political and personal (in many ways these are interlinked)
Who was Ibn Khaldûn? his book?
Arab scholar, first person to carry out a systematic study of sociological subjects
In his book ‘An introduction to history’ he developed a systematic approach to studying various types of societies and their histories, cultures, and economies
The Development of Sociology in Europe
Sociology emerged as an area of academic interest in France, Germany, and Britain during the 19th century
- it developed as a response to dramatic social changes such as:
• industrialization
• urbanization
• population increases
• revolution
Who is Max Weber?
A founder of modern sociology
• German sociologist
• explored how a set of values embodied in early Protestantism, specifically the Protestant (work) ethic led to the development of modern capitalism
• Latin American scholars argue that capitalism is rooted in colonialism and colonial exploitation
When did sociology emerge in North America?
During the late 19th/early 20th century
Why is Chicago considered: the city as training ground for aspiring sociologists?
• Chicago exemplified conditions conductive to the birth and growth of academic sociology
• founded in 1892 - University of Chicago became the first sociology department in North America
What prominent sociologists came out of the university of Chicago?
- Robert Park
- Ernest Burgess
- Everett C. Hughes
- George Herbert Mead
- Edwin Sutherland
- Jane Addams
First sociology department in Canada?
Founded in 1922 by Carl Addington Dawson at McGill University
What happened at the same time the first sociology department was being founded?
The sociological tradition of political economy emerged at the university of Toronto, Harold Innis was a pioneer in this field
What did John Porter do?
• examined the relationship between social class and ethnicity
•coined the term vertical mosaic to describe hierarchical stratification of racial, ethnic, and religious groups due to systematic discrimination
• porter found that Anglo-Saxon Protestants occupied the top of the hierarchy, followed by French-Canadians while racially marginalized groups concentrate at the bottom of the hierarchy
Who are the three early women sociologists and the writing of gender in Canada?
- Annie Marie Maclean
- first Canadian women to obtain a PhD in sociology (university of Chicago) - Aileen Ross
- first women as a a hired sociologist at a Canadian university (university of Toronto)
- she completed the first study of homeless women in canada - Helen C. Abel
- founder of rural sociology in canada
