Chapter 1

Question 1

Genome

Answer 1

The complete set of genetic instructions for any organism

All genomes are encoded in nucleic acids – either DNA or RNA

Question 2

Genetics contributes to which advances

Answer 2

Agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and medicine and is fundamental to modern biology

Question 3

Transmission Genetics

Answer 3

Encompasses the basic principle of heredity and how traits are passed from one generation to the next

• Relationship between chromosome and heredity
• The arrangement of genes on chromosome
• gene mapping
• how an individual inherits its genetic makeup and how it passes is gene to the next generation

Question 4

Molecular Genetics

Answer 4

Concerns the chemical nature of the gene itself: how genetic information is encoded, replicated, and expressed

• Cellular process of replication, transcription, and translation
• focuses on gene and its structure, organization, and function
• gene regulation

Question 5

Population Genetics

Answer 5

Explores the genetic composition of population: groups of individuals of the same species and how that composition changes geographically and with the passage of time

• Evolution – the study of genetics of a population

Question 6

Model Organism

Answer 6

Organisms that are widely used in genetic research and that can serve as models for the genetic systems of the organism, like humans, which for various reasons, may be more difficult to study

Question 7

Pangenesis

Answer 7

Early concept of heredity proposing that particles carry genetic information from different parts of the body to the reproductive organs