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1 Public Health > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Public Health

A

broad field of practice

-backbone of infrastructure supporting the health of a country, state, province, city, town, or community

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2
Q

Population health

A

important set of analytical strategies + approaches first used in public health to describe, analyze, and mobilize efforts to improve health in community-based populations

-now being used in initiatives to improve outcomes of clinical populations

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3
Q

Public Health Nursing

A

variety of settings to be engaged in community-based population focused efforts to improve the health of populations

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4
Q

Public Health

definition

A

what we, as a society, do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy

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5
Q

Assessment

A

1 systematically collecting data on the population,
2monitoring the population’s health status,
3making information available about the health of the community.

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6
Q

Policy development

A

developing policies that support the health of the population,

-inc the use of the scientific knowledge base in making decisions about policy.

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7
Q

Assurance

A
  • role of public health in ensuring that essential community-oriented health services are available,
  • making sure that a competent public health and personal health care workforce is available.
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8
Q

Fielding on assurance

A

made the case that assurance also should mean that public health officials should be involved in developing and monitoring the quality of services provided.

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9
Q

essential services of PH

A

1 monitor health stat to ID problems in cmnty
2 dx + investigate health problems + hazards in cmnty
3 inform, edu, + empower
4 mobilize cmnty partnershp to ID + solv problms
5 dvlp policies + plans
6 enforce laws + regltns
7 link ppl w needed health services
8 ensure competent PH
9 eval effctvnss, accsblty, + qlty of PH
10 research for new insights + innovatn soln

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10
Q

Assessment services of PH

A

1 monitor health stat to ID problems in cmnty

2 dx + investigate health problems + hazards in cmnty

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11
Q

Policy Development services of PH

A

3 inform, edu, + empower
4 mobilize cmnty partnershp to ID + solv problms
5 dvlp policies + plans
6 enforce laws + regltns

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12
Q

Assurance services of PH

A

7 link ppl w needed health services
8 ensure competent PH
9 eval effctvnss, accsblty, + qlty of PH
10 research for new insights + innovatn soln

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13
Q

Health Services Pyramid

top to bottom

A 
1 tertiary health care
2 secondary
3 primary
4 clinical preventative services
5 population-based health care services
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14
Q

Health Services Pyramid is the foundation for…

A

clinical preventive services.

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15
Q

Primary Health Care

A

both primary care and public health services that are designed to meet the basic needs of people in communities at an affordable cost.

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16
Q

Secondary Health Care

A

services designed to detect and treat disease in the early acute stage.

17
Q

Tertiary Health Care

A

services designed to limit the progression of disease or disability.

18
Q

Population Health Care Services

A

out in the communities to ID health disparities + link to right services

19
Q

Primary Prevention

A

actions BEFORE disease occurs

  • education
  • legislation
20
Q

Secondary Prevention

A

early tx or tx of EXISTING problems

-screenings

21
Q

Tertiary Prevention

A

returns clients w highest level of functioning FOLLOWING ONSET of illness

  • rehab service
  • OT
  • PT
  • speech therapy
  • *already diagnosed
22
Q

Primary Prevention

public health nurse actions example

A

PH nurse develops health education program for population

-teaches about the effect of smoking

23
Q

Secondary Prevention

public health nurse actions example

A

PH nurse develops a program for toxin screenings for migrant workers who may be exposed to pesticides
-refers for tx to those tested positive

24
Q

Tertiary Prevention

public health nurse actions example

A

PH nurse provides a diabetes clinic for a defined adult popultn in low income housing unit of community

25
Q

population health

original definition

A

the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes with the group

26
Q

population DEFINITION

A

a collection of individuals who share one or more personal or environmental characteristics.

Members of a community who can be defined in terms of geography (e.g., a county, a group of counties, or a state) or in terms of a special interest or circumstance (e.g., children attending a particular school) can be seen as constituting a population.

27
Q

population health

proposed definition

A

health status of a defined population of individuals, including the distribution of health status within the group

28
Q

PH nursing

A

A specialty practice within nursing and public health.

-Often used interchangeably with community health nursing

29
Q

PH nursing is focused on…

A

improving POPULATN HEALTH by emphasizing prevention and attending to multiple determinants of health.

-Includes advocacy, policy development, and planning, which addresses issues of social justice

30
Q

types of PH nursing

A
  • population focused
  • community oriented
  • health + prevention focused
  • interventions at the community + population level
  • concerns for health of all members of population/community but particularly vulnerable populations
31
Q

population focused PH nursing

A

Emphasizes health protection, health promotion, and disease prevention of a population

ex: Look at all children in the Head Start preschool program to evaluate if the program is achieving its goals

32
Q

Individual, family, and group focused nursing

A

Focus is on providing services to individuals rather than a population, while maintaining an appreciation for the values of the community

Ex: Developmental screening tests of children in the Head Start preschool program to evaluate each child

33
Q

Community-oriented nursing focuses on….

A

either on the community (population-focused) or on individuals, families, and groups.

**any nurse that works outside of the hospital

34
Q

populatin aka

A

aggregate

35
Q

subpopulation DEFINITION

A

subsets of the population who share similar characteristics

ex) people older than 65 years who live in a residential home would be a subpopulation of a larger population of older persons in the community.

36
Q

larger populations often have ___ or ____ within

A

subpopulations or high risk groups within

37
Q

In population-focused community-based practice, problems are defined by…

A

assessments or diagnoses), and solutions (interventions), such as policy development or providing a particular preventive service, are implemented for or with a defined population or subpopulation (examples are provided in the Levels of Prevention Box). In other nursing specialties, the diagnoses, interventions, and treatments are usually carried out at the individual client level.

38
Q

Community BASED nursing

A

Goal: manage acute and chronic conditions
-setting specific, provides direct nursing care

Practice focus is on “illness care” of individuals and families across the life span
Provide acute and chronic illness care and the provision of comprehensive, coordinated, and continuous care
A setting-specific practice, care is provided where people live, work, and attend school

39
Q

Community ORIENTED nursing

A

Goal: prevent disease and disability; promote, protect, and maintain health
Practice focus is on “health care” of individuals, families, and groups in community
Provide health care to promote quality of life
Community diagnosis, health surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation of community and population

1 Public Health (2 decks)

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