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Psychology of Language > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychology of Language

A

The mental processes that are involved in language use

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2
Q

Three sets of processes are of primary interest:

A
  1. Language comprehension
  2. Language production
  3. Language acquisition
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3
Q

The psychological study of language is called:

A

Psycholinguistics

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4
Q

Tacit knowledge

A

How to perform various acts

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5
Q

Explicit knowledge

A

The processes or mechanisms used in acts

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6
Q

Semantics

A

Meaning of sentences and words

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7
Q

Syntax

A

Grammatical arrangement of words within a sentence

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8
Q

Phonology

A

The system of sounds in language

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9
Q

Phoneme

A

Minimal unit with meaning, it is a sound, not a letter, but is has meaning

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10
Q

Lexical

A

a set of words of a given language

Meaning, spelling, pronunciation, syntactic characteristics, farious forms of the words, different kinds of sentences into which each form would fit

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11
Q

Morphology

A

Rules that enable word formation

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12
Q

Pragmatics

A

Social rules involved in language

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13
Q

Garden Path Sentence

A

Als we een zin lezen dan selecteren we de betekenis die het meest ‘‘appropriate’’ is, maar soms wordt duidelijk dat je verkeerd zat in je originale interpretatie en dat je geforceerd wordt to ‘‘backtrack and reinterpret the sentence’’

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14
Q

Indirect Request

A

Can you open the door? i.p.v. Open the door!

Heeft te maken met pragmatiek

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15
Q

Dualty of patterning

A

Languages have two levels of units: a large number of meaningful elements (words) and a smaller number of meaningless elements (individual speech sounds). These two levels are arranged and combined on the basis of a system of rules

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16
Q

Linguistic productivity

A

there is no limit to the number of sentences in a language

17
Q

Deep structure

A

Meaning

18
Q

Aspiration

A

Duff of air

19
Q

Surface structure

A

The order in which the words are pronounced

20
Q

Arbitriariness

A

There is no logical or intrinsic relationship between sound pattern and concept

21
Q

Theory of Language production (Wundt)

A

The sentence, not the word, is the primary unit of language. The production of speech is the transformation of a complete thought process.

22
Q

Semantic differential

A

Measuring associative meaning of words.

Rating words good-bad, strong-weak

23
Q

Chomsky - Poverty of stimulus arguments

A

There is not enough information in the language samples given to children to fully account for the richness and complexity of children’s language

24
Q

Exaptation

A

Utilize preexisting physical structures for new functions

25
Q

Linguistic determinism

A

language shapes thought

26
Q

Linguistic relativity

A

cognitive processes that are determined are different for different languages

27
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia

A

@Linker temporale kwab
Intact = syntax, fluency
Disrupted = meaningless sentences, comprehension

28
Q

Innate

A

Aangeboren

Nature

29
Q

The Whorf hypothesis

A

Different languages –> different worldviews

30
Q

Lateralisatie

A

Verschillen in specialisatie van de beide hersenhelften

LH = Spraak, taal, woorden, letters, verbal memory, reading, writing

RH = Spatial, rotation, wijzen/aanraken, gezichtsherkenning, emotie, geometrical patterns, muziek, geluiden

31
Q

Brocka’s aphasie

A

@frontal lobe (inferior prefrontal cortex)

A clear difficulty in articulatory speech. Nouns and verbs are usually preserved, but patients tended to omit articles, conjunctions, and grammatical inflections (agrammatism)

Language comprehension appears to be less impaired than that of producing it.

32
Q

CONDUCTION APHASIA

A

a disturbance of repetition. Individuals appear to be apble to understand and produce speech but have difficulty in repeating what they have heard.

Psychology of Language (4 decks)

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