chapter 1 Flashcards
what is speech?
a physical product of motor movement
what is motor speech disorders?
a collection of speech production deficits by abnormal function of the motor system
what does motor speech disorders consist of?
7 types of dysarthria and 1 type of apraxia
what is dysarthria?
impaired production of speech due to disturbances in muscular control of speech mechanism
what can dysarthria affect?
articulation, respiration, prosody, resonance, and phonation
what is apraxia?
deficit in the ability to smoothly sequence the producing movement of tongues, lips, jaw, and other parts of speech
what does apraxia primarily affect?
articulation and prosody
what area of the brain is often damaged within people w apraxia?
left hemisphere
what is hippocratic corpus?
Hippocratic Corpus were a collection of volumes that described medicines, diseases, and treatments by ancient Greek physicians.
who first documented apraxia?
Bernard of Gordon was a physician who possibly documented about apraxia.
what were the 2 early theories of localization of reason?
Four cerebral ventricles (ancient times to 16th century)
Meninges-controlled senses and movement
what were some descriptions used to describe apraxia and dysarthria?
“shaking palsy”, “slow drawling manner”
who provided the first description of expressive aphasia??
paul broca- noted patients had lesions in Left frontal lobe
who first accurately described apraxia of speech in 1900?
Lipemann
who first identified area of speech and language comprehension?
Carl Wernicke identifies temporal lobe as site of speech and language comprehension and their connections (e.g., conduction aphasia from lesion of the arcuate fasciculus); describes nonverbal oral apraxia in 1906
