Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cognitive Psychology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Social cognition

A

Social psychology approach which emphasizes cognition about others and social settings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cognitive psychology

A

An approach that aims to understand human cognition and behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cognitive neuroscience

A

Approach to understand cognition by combining behavior and the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Algorithm

A

A computational procedure that follows steps to find the answer (similar to heuristic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bottom up processing

A

Processing directly influenced by environmental stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Top down processing

A

Processing stimuli through the filter of experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Serial processing

A

Only one process at a time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Parallel processing

A

Multiple processes can happen at once

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cascade processing

A

Task 2 starts before task 1 is done (in between parallel processing and serial processing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ecological validity

A

Applicability of results outside of a lab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Implacable experimenter

A

Experiment or is unaffected by participants behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Paradigm specificity

A

When results aren’t perfectly replicable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lesion

A

Damage within brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Modularity

A

Theory that brain processes happen in set areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pure alexia

A

Difficulty reading but not other language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Double dissociation

A

When different individuals with brain damage can do different tasks differently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Association

A

When symptoms or performance impairments are often linked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Syndrome

A

Symptoms that often occur together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Case series study

A

A study testing several individuals with similar damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Diaschisis

A

The disruption of brain areas by a lesion or injury in another area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sulcus

A

Groove in the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Gyrus

A

Elevated ridges if brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dorsal

A

‘Towards the top’

24
Q

Ventral

A

‘Towards the bottom’

25
Q

Rostral

A

‘Towards the front’

26
Q

Posterior

A

‘Towards the back’

27
Q

Lateral

A

‘Situated at the side’

28
Q

Medial

A

‘Near the middle’

29
Q

Connectome

A

Wiring diagram of the brain

30
Q

Single-unit recording

A

An invasive technique to study single neurons

31
Q

Event-related potentials (ERPs)

A

The pattern of EEG averaging the reactions to stimulus

32
Q

PET

A

Positron Emission Tomography, a brain scanning technique using radioactive water

33
Q

fMRI

A

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, used to track blood flow

34
Q

Event-related fMRI

A

fMRIs compared

35
Q

MEG

A

MagnoEncephalography, a non invasive scanning technique with good spatial and temporal resolution

36
Q

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

A

Temporary magnetic disturbance in the brain to mimic lesion

37
Q

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)

A

A technique to run a current through the brain to either impair or aid function

38
Q

EEG I

A

Electroencephalogram, recording the brains electric output through scalp electrodes

39
Q

BOLD

A

Blood oxygen-level dependent contrast, the signal measured by fMRIs

40
Q

Neural decoding

A

Using computer-based analyses of of patterns of to work out what stimulus is being processed

41
Q

Functional speculation

A

The assumption that each brain or region is specialized for a function

42
Q

Reverse inference

A

When applied to neuroimaging, it involves arguing backwards from brain activity to cognitive process

43
Q

Default mode network

A

A network of brain regions that is active by default.

44
Q

Computational modeling

A

Constructing computer programs that mimic brain/cognitive processes

45
Q

Artificial intelligence

A

Development of computer program La that have intelligent outcomes

46
Q

Cognitive architecture

A

Comprehensive framework for understanding human cognition in the form of a computer program.

47
Q

Cognitive models

A

Models of cognition in computational cognitive science that use nodes

48
Q

Neural network models

A

Computational models in which processing involves the simultaneous activation of multiple nodes.

49
Q

Nodes

A

Basic units in a neural network model

50
Q

Back-propagation

A

A learning mechanism in connectionist models based on comparing actual responses to correct ones

51
Q

Production systems

A

If-then production rules and a working memory containing information.

52
Q

Production rules

A

If-then or condition-action rules

53
Q

Working memory

A

A limited capacity system used in the processing and brief holding of information

54
Q

Converging operations

A

An approach where several methods with different strengths are used to address an issue

55
Q

Replication

A

The ability to repeat a test or experiment with similar results

56
Q

Meta-analysis

A

A form of statistical analysis based on combination of findings from multiple studies

Cognitive Psychology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions