Chapter 1

Question 1

1. The purpose of theory is to:
A. Explain experience.
B. Describe relationships.
C. Project outcomes.
D. All of the above.

Answer 1

D. All of the above.

Question 2

2. Members of a community of scholars share a commitment to all of the following except:
A. Values.
B. Knowledge.
C. Geographic location.
D. Processes.

Answer 2

C. Geographic location.

Question 3

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ structures are essential to any discipline and are inherent in nursing theories.
A. Paradigm and metaparadigm.
B. Syntactical and conceptual.
C. Middle and grand.
D. Language and symbol.

Answer 3

B. Syntactical and conceptual.

Question 4

4. Books and periodicals are examples of:
A. Communication networks.
B. Heritage of literature.
C. Nursing organizations.
D. Nursing discipline.

Answer 4

B. Heritage of literature.

Question 5

The basic building blocks of theories are:
A. Concepts and their definitions.
B. Statements of relationships.
C. Concepts and statements of relationships.
D. Empirical indicators.

Answer 5

C. Concepts and statements of relationships.

Question 6

Nursing theories:
A. Are discovered in nature.
B. Serve as exact representations of reality.
C. Are invented by humans.
D. Cannot be modified.

Answer 6

C. Are invented by humans.

Question 7

A paradigm is defined as a:
A. Worldview.
B. General framework.
C. Set of shared perspectives held by members of a discipline.
D. All of the above.

Answer 7

D. All of the above.

Question 8

The dependence of nursing theory development on human imagination is an attribute of nursing as a(n):
A. Occupation.
B. Discipline.
C. Vocation.
D. Profession.

Answer 8

B. Discipline.

Question 9

. The primary purpose of nursing theory is to:
A. Structure nursing knowledge.
B. Demonstrate creativity in nursing.
C. Guide the thinking about, being, and doing of nursing.
D. Organize nursing curricula.

Answer 9

C. Guide the thinking about, being, and doing of nursing.

Question 10

10. The first nursing theorist who identified the importance of theory in nursing was:
A. Virginia Henderson.
B. Hildegard Peplau.
C. Lydia Hall.
D. Florence Nightingale.

Answer 10

D. Florence Nightingale.

Question 11

11. The most abstract level of knowledge is the:
A. Paradigm.
B. Metaparadigm.
C. Theory.
D. Concept.

Answer 11

B. Metaparadigm.

Question 12

Statements of enduring values or beliefs are considered:
A. Conceptual models.
B. Philosophies.
C. Grand theories.
D. Practice theories.

Answer 12

B. Philosophies.

Question 13

Theories that include specific concepts, are broad enough to be useful in complex situations, and can be empirically tested are called:
A. Grand theories.
B. Middle-range theories.
C. Practice-level theories.
D. Nursing theories.

Answer 13

B. Middle-range theories

Question 14

Theories that have the most limited scope and level of abstraction that are useful in within a specific range of nursing situations are called:
A. Grand theories.
B. Middle-range theories.
C. Practice-level theories.
D. Nursing theories.

Answer 14

C. Practice-level theories.

Question 15

The name for the boundaries or focus of a discipline is:
A. Imagination.
B. Domain.
C. Tradition.
D. Value.

Answer 15

B. Domain

Question 16

Every discipline has a unique focus that directs inquiry and distinguishes it from other fields of study.

Answer 16

ANS: T

Question 17

Theories are not discovered in nature but are human inventions.

Answer 17

ANS: T

Question 18

Science generally evolves as a smooth, regular, continuing path of knowledge development over time.

Answer 18

ANS: F

Question 19

Early nursing theorists relied on definitions of theory from nursing practice to guide the development of theories within nursing.

Answer 19

ANS: F

Question 20

The best test of any nursing theory is its usefulness in professional practice.

Answer 20

ANS: T