Chapter 08: Nursing Research in Canada Flashcards
McCleary: Ross-Kerr and Wood’s Canadian Nursing Issues and Perspectives, 6th Edition
Research in nursing developed gradually and paralleled the evolution of which of the
following types of nursing education?
a. Specialist nursing education
b. Graduate nursing education
c. Undergraduate nursing education
d. Post-diploma nursing education
ANS: B
Research in nursing developed gradually as the pool of nurses with research expertise slowly enlarged. This development paralleled the evolution of graduate education in nursing because it is in graduate education that research skills are learned and honed.
Which Canadian university offered the first funded doctoral program in nursing?
a. McGill University
b. University of Toronto
c. University of Alberta
d. University of British Columbia
ANS: C
The University of Alberta offered the first funded doctoral program in nursing in January 1991.
Which one of the following was considered instrumental in the transition from low research funding to high research funding in schools of nursing?
a. Self-regulation
b. Specialization
c. Philosophy-based curriculums
d. Qualified doctoral-prepared faculty
ANS: D
Essential to the transition from low funding was the appointment of faculty who were qualified at the doctoral level and who were prepared to undertake research.
In which year was the first national conference on nursing research in Canada held?
a. 1961
b. 1966
c. 1971
d. 1976
ANS: C
The first national conference on nursing research in Canada was held in Ottawa in 1971.
In which year was the first Centre for Nursing Research in Canada established?
a. 1961
b. 1966
c. 1971
d. 1976
ANS: C
The first Centre for Nursing Research in Canada was established in 1971 at McGill University, with federal support from Health and Welfare Canada.
Which following reason is cited as being responsible for the research funding boom that
occurred in the 1990s?
a. Acceptance of critical social theory
b. The ease with which grants could be obtained
c. The economic and political climate of the time
d. Isolation of researchers into sole discipline teams
ANS: C
The 1990s produced a funding boom in Canada, which occurred for two reasons: lobbying by researchers across disciplines and the economic and political climate of the time.
What were the earliest strategic health research priorities of the National Health Research and Development Program (NHRDP)?
a. Aging and AIDS
b. Prenatal care and early beginnings
c. Cardiovascular disease and diabetes
d. Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease
ANS: A
The earliest strategic health research priorities of the NHRDP were in the areas of aging and AIDS.
There are many challenges when engaging patients in the research process, including which of the following?
a. Patients have a narrow perspective on the problems.
b. Patient engagement is the same as participation.
c. Patients are never comfortable with research.
d. Patient engagement is different from participation.
ANS: D
Challenges with patient engagement include clarifying the difference between patient engagement and participation in research.
Primary areas for research funding include which of the following?
a. Infrastructure, training, and salary support
b. Photocopying, travel, and training
c. Training, conferences, and publications
d. Salary support, travel, and photocopying
ANS: A
The four primary areas for which research funding is sought are
(1) conducting research,
(2) infrastructure (space and equipment) for conducting research,
(3) research training, and
(4) salary support for the researcher (career research awards).
Funding for nursing research in Canada has always been a challenge, but one of the turning points was when the Nursing Care Partnership program was implemented (2003–2009). An evaluation of that program showed which of the following?
a. Enhanced engagement of older persons in research
b. Increased capacity for research among nurses
c. Improved public awareness of the need for nursing research
d. Improved health outcomes from research
ANS: B
An evaluation of the Nursing Care Partnership program concluded that the program was successful in increasing capacity for research among nurses and helping to establish successful careers of many nurse researchers.
What does the term “minimum data set” (MDS) refer to?
a. Triage at entry into the health care system
b. Computerized electronic patient charts
c. National electronic data sharing and storing
d. Standardized data extracted from hospital patient records
ANS: D
MDS refers to the standardized data that are extracted from all hospital patient records.
One way that academics can quantify the impact of a research study is through bibliometrics, defined as which of the following?
a. Measuring the number of books used in the study
b. Calculating the impact of a published journal article
c. Examining the library resources on the topic
d. Calculating the number of articles used in the study
ANS: D
One way that academics quantify the impact of research within a discipline is through bibliometrics, or counting the number of times a publication in a journal is cited in another publication and calculating its impact. Journals report their impact factor, a measure of how frequently articles published in the journal are cited in subsequent publications.
Measuring the impact of research using tweets, Instagram posts, or Wikipedia citations is known as which of the following?
a. Bibliometrics
b. Metrics
c. Medmetrics
d. Altmetrics
ANS: D
The use of social media for research dissemination gave rise to a new way to measure research impact, called altmetrics, an alternative measure of research impact to the traditional bibliometric measures such as impact factor and h-index. Altmetrics are based on any use of an electronic source (i.e., articles on journal websites), for example, downloads, tweets, shares, likes, posts, Wikipedia citations, bookmarks, and more.
Bibliometrics and altmetrics are both indicators of which of the following?
a. Knowledge transfer
b. Critical thinking
c. Nursing research
d. Knowledge gap
ANS: A
Bibliometrics and altmetrics are indicators of knowledge transfer and an indirect indicator of the potential impact of the research on nursing practice.
The potential benefits of patient engagement in research include which of the following
activities? (Select all that apply.)
a. Refine research questions to reflect patient needs
b. Ask broad, encompassing research questions
c. Study mortality as an outcome measure
d. Improved recruitment and participant engagement
e. Involves all members of the health care team
f. Develop culturally appropriate interventions
g. Acceptable methods of data collection
ANS: A, D, F, G
Potential benefits of patient engagement include refined and more relevant research questions, patient-centred and culturally appropriate interventions, relevant and less burdensome outcomes and measures, improved recruitment and participant engagement processes, and acceptable methods for data collection.
