chapter 0- introduction

Question 1

probabilistic sampling

Answer 1

random selection- every member of population has a chance to be selected.

Question 2

non-probabilistic sampling

Answer 2

not random- based on convenience or other criteria

Question 3

types of probabilistic sampling

Answer 3

random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, systematic sampling

Question 4

types of non-probabilistic sampling

Answer 4

snowball sampling, convenience sampling, judgmental sampling, quota sampling

Question 5

stratified sampling

Answer 5

included everyone no matter their background

Question 6

systematic sampling

Answer 6

list of individuals is divided into groups and groups are assigned a number

Question 7

cluster sampling

Answer 7

dividing population into group based on similar characteristics

Question 8

judgmental sampling

Answer 8

researcher uses their expertise to select a sample useful for the research

Question 9

snowball sampling

Answer 9

recruiting participants via other participants

Question 10

CRAAP

Answer 10

currency (source is recent and contains information about latest advances and ideas), relevance, authority (authority is known and experienced), accuracy, purpose (provides information form multiple views or makes a strong case for one side supported by citations)

Question 11

survey

Answer 11

a way to study the attitudes, opinions, and behaviors of individuals.

Question 12

observational

Answer 12

investigators observe participants in a particular situation and record and interpret the outcome.

Question 13

controlled experiments

Answer 13

experiment- a controlled test or investigation, designed to examine the validity of a hypothesis. manipulates a variable.

Question 14

ethics of human research

Answer 14

subject is participating of their own free will; participant must provide informed consent after being given information regarding the general purpose of the study and the potential risks; anonymity and confidentiality must be guaranteed; after the study is completed, information about the results must be made available to the participate; participant is free to withdraw form the study at any time.

Question 15

EEG

Answer 15

electroencephalogram; a recording of the electrical waves sweeping across the brain’s surface; useful in studying seizures and sleep.

Question 16

PET

Answer 16

positron emission tomography; allows us to see what part of the brain is active by tracing where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task.

Question 17

MRI

Answer 17

magnetic resonance imaging; makes images from signals produced by brain tissue after magnets align the spin of atoms.

Question 18

fMRI

Answer 18

function MRI; reveals brain activity and functions rather than structures.