Chapte 3 Flashcards
is an integrated system of learned behaviour patterns that are distinguishing characteristics of the members of any given society.
CULTURE
It includes everything that a group thinks, says, does, and makes—its customs, language, material artefacts, and shared systems of attitudes and feelings.
CULTURE
adjusting and adapting to a specific culture other than one’s own
acculturation
is one of the keys to success in international operations.
acculturation
ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
LANGUAGE
NON-VERBAL LANGUAGE
RELIGION
VALUES AND ATTITUDE
MANNERS AND CUSTOMS
MATERIAL ELEMENTS
AESTHETICS
EDUCATION
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
SOURCES OF CULTURAL KNOWLEDGE
mastery of the ______ is required before a person is acculturated to a culture other than his or her own.
LANGUAGE
a total of 6,912 known living languages exist in the world, with 311 being spoken in the United States, 297 in Mexico, 13 in Finland, and 241 in China.
LANGUAGE
is the universal language.
English
total of ____ known living languages exist in the world,
6,912
How many language being spoken in the United States
311
How many language in Mexico
297
How many language in Finland
13
How many language in China
241
DISTINCT ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN International Marketing
Language aids in information gathering and evaluation efforts.
Language provides access to local society.
Language capability is increasingly important in company communications.
Language provides more than the ability to communicate.
Messages are conveyed by the words used, by the way the words are spoken (for example, tone of voice), and by nonverbal means such as gestures, body position, and eye contact.
NON-VERBAL LANGUAGE
Managers must analyze and become familiar with the hidden language of foreign cultures
NON-VERBAL LANGUAGE
FIVE KEY TOPICS FOR Non-Verbal Languages
TIME
SPACE
MATERIAL POSSESSIONS
FRIENDSHIP PATTERNS
BUSINESS AGREEMENTS
Defines the ideals for life, which in turn are reflected in the values and attitudes of societies and individuals.
RELIGION
are often tied to religion.
Major holidays
FIVE DOMINANT RELIGIONS IN THE WORLD
CHRISTIANITY
ISLAM
HINDUISM
BUDDHISM
CONFUCIANISM
are shared beliefs or group norms that have been internalized by individuals.
Values
are evaluations of alternatives based on these values.
Attitudes
Understanding ______ is especially important in negotiations, because interpretations based on one’s own frame of reference may lead to a totally incorrect conclusion.
MANNERS AND CUSTOMS
results from technology and is directly related to the way a society organizes its economic activity
MATERIAL ELEMENTS / Material culture
3 INFRASTRUCTURES THAT AFFECTS CULTURE
Economic Infra
Social Infra
Financial & Marketing Infra
transportation, energy, and communication system
Economic Infra
housing, health, and education systems
Social Infra
bank and research firms
Financial & Marketing Infra
Each culture makes a clear statement concerning good taste, as expressed in the arts and in the particular symbolism of colors, form, and music.
AESTHETICS
either formal or informal, plays a major role in the passing on and sharing of culture.
EDUCATION
can be assessed using literacy rates and enrolment in secondary or higher education, information available from secondary data sources.
Educational levels of a culture
affect the ways in which people relate to each other.
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
which in Western industrialized countries consists of parents and children, in a number of cultures is extended to include grandparents and other relatives.
family unit
can be defined by the way it is acquired
Cultural knowledge
Objective or factual information is obtained from others through communication, research, and education.
Cultural knowledge
can be acquired only by being involved in a culture other than one’s own.
Experiential knowledge
TOOLS FOR MARKETING SUCCESS
Embrace local culture.
Build relationships.
Employ locals to gain cultural knowledge.
Help employees understand you.
Adapt products and processes to local markets.
Coordinate by region.
