chapt 8 (thermal processes)

Question 1

what is Thermal Equilibrium? (1)

Answer 1

a state which two or more objects have the same temperature and that there is no net transfer of energy between them

Question 2

Thermal energy is transferred from what region to what region? (1)

Answer 2

Thermal energy transferred from hotter region to colder region.

Question 3

what is conduction? (1) how energy transfer occurs in solids? (2)

Answer 3

Form of energy transfer where it’s transferred by passing on vibrational motion from one particle to another.

• Energy transferred to solid by heating. Particles nearest will vibrate vigorously.
• Due to collisions, energy will be transferred to the neighbouring particles with less energy and will start to vibrate asw.

Question 4

what is convection? (1) how energy transfer in fluids? (2)

Answer 4

From of energy transfer by means of convection currents of fluid due to difference in density.

• fluid nearer to heat will expand which cause the fluid to bcm less dense will rise up to the top
• cooler and denser fluid would sink and take the place of the less dense fluid. This repeats and will cause convection currents.

Question 5

what is radiation? (1) what inc radiation? and why? (3)

Answer 5

Form of energy transfer that transfers by EM waves and does not require a medium.

Colour and texture: White/ Silver and smooth surfaces as they are poor absorbers of radiation

Surface temp: Low ST as emit less radiation

Surface Area: Small as emit energy slower

Question 6

Diff between boiling and evaporation? (2)

Answer 6

Boiling happens at a specific temperature and happens quickly and uniformly across the liquid while Evaporation can happen at any temperature and occurs gradually with factors such as SA and humidity.