chapt. 7 Flashcards
Charles Darwin’s theory that all life, including human, evolved over time.
evolution
proposed that the Bible should be studied as any other work of literature or history to determine its validity and relevance
higher criticism
religious ideology which believes that the Bible is literally true and, because it is from God, cannot contain contradictions or errors.
fundamentalism
Nicknamed the “monkey trial,” it centered around a science teacher named John Scopes who was arrested for violating a Tennessee law that forbade teaching Darwin’s theory of evolution instead of the Bible’s account of creation. Scopes was ultimately found guilty, and the law against teaching evolution remained in effect.
scopes trial
innovative industrialist who revolutionized the auto industry with a more efficient assembly line and mass production techniques that made automobiles more affordable
henry ford
producing large quantities of a product, so as to be able to afford to sell them at more affordable prices.
mass production
innovative assembly line that allowed workers to stand still while the parts came to them. It increased production and revolutionized how factory work is done.
assembly line
Henry Ford revolutionized production by viewing common workers as consumers. This encouraged mass production to make goods like cars affordable.
worker as consumer
industry of air travel that was born as a result of the work of Orville and Wilbur Wright and was boosted by Charles Lindbergh.
airline industry
things like refrigerators and sewing machines, made popular by electricity and which made life easier and gave more time for leisure activity.
new appliances
because of advances in technology, people ventured into the city after dark to attend shows, have dinner, or take part in evening social events.
nightlife
arose during the 20s as radio, magazines, and the popularity of movies served to create a mass culture by allowing people in different parts of the nation to be exposed to the same trends, fashions, news stories, etc.
mass media
Radio united the nation as people listened to the same shows and news.
radio
Movies helped create a national culture and became popular in the 20s.
movie industry
plans introduced in the 1920s that allowed consumers to purchase larger, more expensive products a little at a time rather than having to wait until they had saved the entire amount.
installment plans
in the 20s, the US became a society that spent money and consumed rather than saved money.
consumer society
term referring to women of the 1920s who tended to be more rebellious and “fun-loving” than women of the past. They challenged the traditional gender roles in society and often caused more traditional citizens (men and women alike) great concern
flappers
group of writers who felt lost in a society of greed and moral corruption. Among their number were F. Scott Fitzgerald, who authored The Great Gatsby, and Ernest Hemingway, who wrote of the lost generation in his novel, The Sun Also Rises.
the lost generation
a popular form of music after World War I that was popularized by Louis Armstrong and other African-American musicians who brought their musical talents from Louisiana and Mississippi to the northern cities. Its fast pace inspired new dances like the “Charleston” and helped create a thriving nightlife. Crossing ethnic boundaries, jazz found a receptive audience among both blacks and young whites.
jazz
a cultural movement among the African-American community involving music, art, and literature.
harlem renaissance
political and economic philosophy in which the government owns all property, and individual rights mean little compared to the welfare of the state.
communism
concerns about communism that swept the nation following WWII.
red scare
government action launched during the Red Scare in which suspected communists and other “subversives” (many of whom were immigrants who had committed no crimes) were arrested, jailed, and often deported.
palmer raids
attitude/movement strongly opposed to immigration.
nativism
