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histology > CHAPT 5-6 > Flashcards

CHAPT 5-6 Flashcards

1
Q

Composed of TROPOCOLLAGEN

Collagen or reticular ?

A

COLLAGEN

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2
Q

Dense regular connective tissue is present

in

A

tendon and ligament

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3
Q

pluripotential cells that resemble fibroblasts . a contractile cell

plama cell or pericytes ?

A

pericytes

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4
Q

type II collagen in synovial joint

articular or synovial ?

A

Articular cartilage

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5
Q

Foreign-body giant cells are formed by the
coalescence

macrophage or monocyte ?

A

macrophages

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6
Q

cells responsible

for anaphylactic shock

A

mast cell

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7
Q

Composed of a protein core to
which glycosaminoglycans are attached.

proteoglycan or AA

A

proteoglycan

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8
Q

acts as a medium for exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and
tissues.

A

loose and dense CT

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9
Q

origin of connective tissue

A

o Embryonic mesenchyme (mesoderm; middle layer)

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10
Q

protein fibers of ECM

A

Collagen and elastic fiber

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11
Q

• colorless, transparent, gel-like material in which the cells and fibers of connective tissue are embedded

A

ecm

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12
Q
  • elastic fibers: from protein ELASTIN.

* Collagen and reticular fibers: are from?

A

collagen family

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13
Q

COLLAGEN TYPE III DEFECT

A

ehlers-danlos type IV

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14
Q

LYSINE HYDROXYLATION DEFECT

A

ehlers-danlos type VI

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15
Q

Types of collagen fibers that are most common

A

type I and III

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16
Q

o stain BLACK IN SILVER SALTS because of HIGH CARB content

o PAS positive

A

RETICULAR FIBER / AGYROPHILIC (SILVER)

PAS POSITIVE

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17
Q

o coiled, branching fibers forming LOOSE NETWORK

ELASTIC OR BRONCHI ?

A

elastic

o stain
• orcein and aldehyde fuchsin (DARK)

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18
Q

o rubber-like properties (lysine and proline)

A

elastic fiber

(elastin and fibrillin)

location: stroma of lungs, aorta

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19
Q

o predominant cells
o Have an oval nucleus with 2 nucleoli
o undergo mitosis except in wound healing

fibroblast or myofibrolast ?

A

fibroblast

eosinophilic cytoplasm
morphology: spindle-shaped

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20
Q

 Fibroblasts involved in WOUND HEALING / CONTRACTION

 Enriched with ACTIN and SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS

A

myofibroblast

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21
Q

 spindle-shaped (fusiform) with RER and golgi apparatus
 they produce PROCOLLAGEN
 EUCHROMATIC nucleus

active or inactive fibroblast

A

active

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22
Q

 revert to active state during WOUND HEALING
 spindle-shaped
 HETEROCHROMATIC nucleus

A

• Inactive Quiescent fibrocyte

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23
Q

o DO NOT UNDERGO MITOSIS
o Surrounded by BASAL LAMINA
o Produces HEAT

A

adipose cells

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24
Q

single LARGE fat droplet with SQUEEZED NUCLEUS
o have plasmalemma receptors
DO NOT increase in number

A

unilocular (white adipose)

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25
Q

 Many LARGE MITOCHONDRIA

A

multi (brown)

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26
Q

basophil-like with
• METACHROMATIC GRANULES
 Primary mediator
and • de novo as  Secondary mediator

mast cell or fibrocyte

A

mast cells

releases:

heparin, histamine and cytokine

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27
Q

 they can change the color of some basic dyes (tooluidine) from blue to PURPLE or RED

A

• METACHROMATIC GRANULES

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28
Q

• Promotes vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction

histamine or heparin ?

A

histamine

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29
Q

converts Phospholipid into ARACHIDONIC ACID (converted into secondary mediators).

PHOSPHOLIPID OR PHOSPHOLIPASE

A

phospholipase

during TYPE I HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION (Anaphylactic reaction)

30
Q

manufacture IgE antibodies

A

plasma cells

31
Q

o eccentric kidney-shaped nucleus

filopodia or PROTEIN

A

filopodia

32
Q

o location:
• subepithelial CT and accumulate in RESPIRATORY, GIT and Chronic inflammation area.

 LYMPHOID CELLS or plasma cells

A

 LYMPHOID CELLS

33
Q

 Initiate cell-mediated immune response.

T or b cell

A

t cell

34
Q

 differentiate into plasma cells, which function in the humoral immune response.

t or b cell

A

b cell

35
Q

 display cytotoxic activity against tumor cells

A

nk cell

36
Q

 HUMORAL IMMUNITY

 antibody-manufacturing cells

A

plasma cell

life span:10-20 days

37
Q

o most abundant at wound entry sites or in areas of chronic inflammation.

plasma or NK cells

A

plasma cells

38
Q

• secreted by mast cells and basophils for allergic inflammation

A

o eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF),

39
Q

o possess cytoplasmic granules

o At sites of inflammation, they leave the bloodstream and enter the loose connective tissue

A

granulocytes

40
Q

o Releases CYTOTOXIN (cleave histamine and leukotriene C) to damage PARASITIC
o most prevalent at sites of chronic or allergic inflammation

baso or eosino

A

eosinophil

41
Q
  • Originate from myeloid stem cells during hemopoiesis
A

GRANULOCYTE, MAST CELLS macrophages and plasma cells

42
Q

based on the proportion of cells to fibers, type of fibers

A

connective tissue

43
Q

• Consist of:
 gel-like amorphous matrix with STAR-SHAPED scattered reticular fibers

MESENCHYME OR MOON ?

A

mesenchymal tissue

44
Q

less fiber, more abundant CT proper

DENSE OR AREOLAR ?

A

loose / areolar

-flexible

45
Q

• Classified by orientation of fiber bundle

DENSE OR AREOLAR?

A

dense CT

46
Q

NO definite orientation OF FIBER BUNDLE

irreg or regular?

A

irregular

47
Q

• Location:
 DERMIS
 CAPSULES OF MANY ORGANS

irreg or regular ?

A

irreg

48
Q

uniform parallel fashion fiber bundles

irreg or regular?

A

regular

49
Q

• Location:
o Tendons
o Ligaments.

irreg or regular?

A

regular

50
Q
  • Rich in neurovascular supply

* serves to cushion and insulate the skin

A

adipose tissue

51
Q

• Adipose cells that synthesize Lipoprotein lipase which hydrolyze VLDL and CHYLOMICRONS

white or brown?

A

white (uni)

52
Q

has Many LARGE MITOCHONDRIA

A

brown adipose

53
Q

• Function:
o THERMOGENIN generate heat by uncoupling protein-1 (oxidative phosphorylation)

brown or white

A

brown (multi)

54
Q

 useful in regenerative medicine after grafting to replace damaged tissue.

multi or pluri

A
  • multipotent stem cells
55
Q

 tooth pulp (Mesenchyme-like cell)

multi or pluri

A

multi

56
Q
  • major signs of inflamed tissues
A

 “redness and swelling with heat and pain”

 rubor et tumor cum calore et dolore

57
Q

 leukotrienes released in the lungs causing BRONCHOSPASM

asthma or hay fever ?

A

asthma

58
Q

 Localized edema in the NASAL MUCOSA
 Excessive release of histamine from mast cells

asthma or hay fever ?

A

hay fever

59
Q
  • CALORIC DENSITY: of trigly
A

9.3 KCAL/G (TWICE OF PROTEINS OR CARBOHYDRATES)

60
Q

signet ring appearance with flattened nucleus

white or brown

A

white

61
Q
  • Fetal lipomas of brown fat

HIBERNOMAS OR HYPERNOMAS ?

A

hibernomas

62
Q

benign tumor of white adipose

lipomas or edema ?

A

Lipomas

63
Q
  • Located in the back, neck and shoulders

- In ADULT: mainly found in kidneys, adrenal glands, aorta and mediastinum.

A

brown

64
Q

activates hormone-sensitive lipase of adipocytes, promoting hydrolysis of triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol in brown adipose

epi or norepi

A

norepinephrine

65
Q

• Dietary fats brought to the cells as

hdl or chylomicrons

A

chylomicrons

surrounded by monolayer of Phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins.

66
Q

 Synthesized from lipids in liver cells
 Measured after fasting to allow depletion of chylomicrons

vldl or ldl ?

A

VLDL

67
Q

fatty acid combine with glycerol phosphate

A

TAG

68
Q

PRODUCED BY WHITE ADIPOSE, which helps regulate appetite

tag or leptin

A

leptin

69
Q

stimulates glucose uptake by adipocytes

insulin or fat ?

A

insulin

70
Q

undifferentiated cells, with large euchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli

A

Mesenchymal cells

71
Q

long-living cells; persists for months or years

Also called histiocytes

macro or mono

A

macrophages

72
Q

Serves as antigen-presenting cells for activation and specification of lymphocytes

macro or stick

A

macrophages

histology (4 decks)

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