chapt 4 : exploring diversity of matter using separation techniques Flashcards
what are the 5 types of separation techniques
magnetic attraction
filtration
evaporation
distillation
chromatography
how does magnetic attraction works
it separates magnetic from non-magnetic substances
magnetic material would be attracted to the magnet while non-magnetic would not
how does filtration works
filtration is the separation of substances with different sizes
what do you call substances that pass through the sieve
filtrate
what do you call substances that are left behind on the sieve
residue
how does evaporation works
evaporation is the separation of solute from a solvent
when heated, the solvent gets evaporated and turns into vapour as it has a lower boiling point than its solute. when all solvent evaporates, the solute is left .
how does distillation works
distillation is the separation of substances with different boiling points
the substance with the lowest boiling point would turn into vapour first. it would evaporate and go to the condenser, which is cold as it has cold water flowing in continuously. vapour condenses when it comes into contact with the condenser and turns into liquid droplets. the liquid droplets flows down the condenser into the receiving flask, which is pure water
what is the liquid that is collected from distillation called
distillate
why are boiling chips used for distillation
to ensure smooth and even boiling
how does chromatography works
it is the separation of solutes with different solubility in a solvent
if the ink travels the furthest from the starting line, it is….
the most soluble in the solvent
why do we draw the starting line in pencil
pencil is insoluble in the solvent
what happens if we draw the starting line in ink
the ink will dissolve in the solvent
