Chapt 3 Key Terms!

Question 1

block grant

Answer 1

federal grant that provides funds to state or local gov’t for **general public service programs (criminal justice or mental health programs)

Question 2

categorical grant

Answer 2

a fed grant to a state/local gov’t for **specific program/project

Question 3

commerce clause

Answer 3

congress is given power to regulate trade among states and w/ other countries

Question 4

concurrent powers

Answer 4

powers held together by national/state gov’ts

Question 5

confederal system

Answer 5

league of independent states, where central gov’t created by league has only limited power over the states

Question 6

cooperative federalism

Answer 6

states/national gov’t cooperates in solving problems

Question 7

devolution

Answer 7

transfer of powers from nation or central gov’t to state/local gov’t

Question 8

dual federalism

Answer 8

model where nation/state gov’ts are co-equal sovereign powers.

Question 9

elastic clause/ necessary and proper

Answer 9

a part of the United States Constitution that grants Congress the power to create laws that are necessary and appropriate for carrying out its duties

Question 10

enumerated powers

Answer 10

powers granted to national gov’t by the constitution (1-17 clauses of Article 1, sec 8)

Question 11

federal mandate

Answer 11

requirement in fed legislation that forces states to comply w/ certain rules

Question 12

fiscal

Answer 12

Having to do with government revenues and expenditures.

Question 13

fiscal federalism

Answer 13

funds raised through taxation or borrowing by one level of government (the national government) are spent by another level (state and local governments)

Question 14

interstate compact

Answer 14

agreement between two or more states

Question 15

police power

Answer 15

legislate for the protection of health, morals, safety, welfare of ppl. in US, most police power is reserved to the states

Question 16

supremacy clause

Answer 16

constitutional provision that makes the constitution and fed laws superior to all conflicting state/local laws

Question 17

unitary system

Answer 17

centralized gov’t system where ultimate gov’t authority rests w/ national or central gov’t

Question 18

Reasons why the founders chose a federal system include all except:
a. no other type of system would have been politically acceptable
b. the US was large geographically, and it would have been difficult to govern just form the national capital.
c. the thirteen states were geographically compact, so a federal system was appropriate

Answer 18

c. the thirteen states were geographically compact, so a federal system was appropriate

Question 19

The system of gov’t in the US that existed before the adoption of the Constitution was called a:
a. federal system
b. unitary system
c. confederal system

Answer 19

c. confederal system

Question 20

3. when we say that state gov’t have police powers, we mean that:
   a. they have authority to legislate for the health, morals, safety and welfare for their ppl
   b. they have the right to establish enforcement agencies
   c. they have the right to exempt themselves from certain national laws

Answer 20

a. they have authority to legislate for the health, morals, safety and welfare for their ppl

Question 21

when both the national gov’t and the state govt’s share certain powers, we call them:
a. prevailing powers
b. concurrent powers
c. constitutional powers

Answer 21

b. concurrent powers

Question 22

One topic that has been addressed by both national and state legislation is:
a. the taxation of real estate
b. defining who is citizen
c. setting a minimum wage

Answer 22

c. setting a minimum wage

Question 23

how much every state treat each others’ public arts, records, and judicial proceedings?
a. accept them when they correspond to the state’s own laws
b. give them full faith and credit
c. accept them when required to do so by the national gov’t

Answer 23

b. give them full faith and credit

Question 24

in the supreme court, case of McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), the court clearly established:
a. that the constitution is the supreme law of the land
b. that state gov’t can tax the national gov’t
c. that the national gov’t can tax the state gov’ts.

Answer 24

a. that the constitution is the supreme law of the land

Question 25

the supreme court case of GIbbons v Odgen involved regulation of:
a. intrastate commerce
b. interstate commerce
c. foreign commerce

Answer 25

b. interstate commerce

Question 26

the transfer of powers from a central or national gov’t to a state or local one is called:
a. devolution
b. cooperative federalism
c. states’ rights

Answer 26

a. devolution

Question 27

when the federal (national) gov’t sends dollars to state govt’s , those funds:
a. are given without any restrictions
b. are to be returned to the federal gov’t at a late date
c. come with many strings attached

Answer 27

c. come with many strings attached

Question 28

when funds raised by the national gov’t are then spent by state gov’ts this is called:
a. fiscal federalism
b. dual federalism
c. competitive federalism

Answer 28

fiscal federalism