chapt 2linguistics

Question 1

Alveolar (Speech Sound)

Answer 1

Sound produced by raising the front of the tongue toward the alveolar ridge which is located just behind the upper front teeth.

Question 2

Diphthong

Answer 2

A complex vowel, composed of a sequence of two different configurations of the vocal organs

Question 3

Articulation

Answer 3

The motion of positioning of some part of the vocal tract (often, but not always, muscular part such as the tongue or lips) with respect to some other surface of the vocal tract in the production of speech sound.

Question 4

Bilabial (Speech Sound)

Answer 4

Sound produced by bringing both lips together.

Question 5

Affricate

Answer 5

Sound produced by compete obstruction of the airflow followed by a slight release of the obstruction, allowing frication. An affricate can be thought of as a combination of stop and a fricative.

Question 6

Fricative

Answer 6

Sound made by forming a nearly complete obstruction of the airstream so that when air passes through the small passage, turbulent airflow (i.e. frication)is produced.

Question 7

Glide

Answer 7

Sound produced with a contraction in the vocal tract that is only slightly more constricted than that of vowels.

Question 8

Interdental (Speech Sound)

Answer 8

Sound produced by positions the tip of the tongue between the upper and lower teeth.

Question 9

Larynx

Answer 9

Cartilage and muscle located at the tøp of the trachea, containing the vocal folds and the glottis; commonly referred to as the voice-box.

Question 10

Labiodental (Speech Sound)

Answer 10

Sound produced by making contact between the lower lip and the upper teeth.

Question 11

Nucleus

Answer 11

The core element of a syllable, carrying stress, length, and pitch (tone). It usually consists of a vowel or a syllabic consonant.

Question 12

Palatal (Speech Sound)

Answer 12

Sound made by raising the body of the tongue toward the hard part of the roof of the mouth (i.e., the hard palate).

Question 13

Pulmonic Egressive Airstream Mechanism

Answer 13

Airstream mechanism that produces speech sounds by modifying the stream of air forced out of lungs and passed through the oral and/or nasal cavities.

Question 14

Monophthong

Answer 14

A simple vowel. composed of a single configuration of the vocal organs.

Question 15

Running Speech

Answer 15

The usual form of spoken language, with all the words and phrases run together, without pauses in between them. Sometimes called continuous speech.

Question 16

Segment

Answer 16

The individual units of the speech stream.; segments can be further subdivided into consonants and vowels.

Question 17

Syllable

Answer 17

A unit of speech, made up of an onset and rhyme.

Question 18

Velar (Speech Sound)

Answer 18

Sound produced by raising the back of tongue toward the velum.

Question 19

intonation

Answer 19

Commonly refers to the pattern of pitch movements across a stretch of speech such as a sentence. The meaning of a sentence can depend in part on the intonation contour of the sentence.

Question 20

Voicing

Answer 20

Vibration of approximated vocal folds caused by air passing through them. When the vocal folds vibrate, a voiced sound is produced; when the vocal folds do not vibrate, a voiceless sound is produced.