chapt 19-20 Flashcards
3 classes called estates
first estate consisted of the clergy
second of the nobility
third was everyone else
Bourgeoisie
Elite of wealthy commoners who were merchants, manufacturers, and professionals
A body of deputies from the three estates or orders
Estates General
Tennis court oath
they agreed not to separate until they had given france a constitution
Bastille
July 14 1789 a huge fortified prison that symbolized royal authority
Great Fear
period of panic and riot by rural peasants amid rumors of an aristocratic conspiracy to overthrow the third estate
declaration of the rights of man
Men are born and remain free and equal in rights
left wing group, radical republican political club
Jacobites
slogans and values that will define the revolution
Liberty
Fraternity
Equality
Convention agreed to establish
revolutionary armies and the Committee of Public Safety
popular sovereignty
authority derived from the people rather than god or tradition
between september 5, 1794 and july 27, 1794 period called
the reign of terror
french enlightened thinkers believed if they could just get rid of _______________ humanity would enter a new golden age
religion, monarchy, and inequality
replace the catholic church
cult of reason; cult of supreme being
fearing for the safety of its members in july 1794 the convention ended the terror by arresting and executing
Robespierre and his followers
dies with robespierre, france will enter a period of uncertainty
fear of another terror or a return to the oppressive monarchy that preceded it
next the directory sent napoleon and his army to egypt in 1798
in hopes of cutting off the british trade routes to india
2nd century bc artifact will unlock the lost ancient egyptian culture
rosetta stone
the consulate, napoleon became _________ a title revived from the roman republic
first consul
napoleon created an administrative bureaucracy based on the ancient roman _________ relationship
patron-client
napoleons civil accomplishment civil code of 1804
did not allow privileges based on birth (such as nobility) it allowed freedom of religion, equal protection under law for all males
napoleons military innovations
-creation of the grand armee
-the corps
-artillery
-spy network
regarded as the greatest victory achieved by napoleon
Austerlitz
Annexing territories, napoleons innovations
Napoleon abolished serfdom, eliminated seigneurial dues, introduced the napoleonic code, suppressed monasteries, subordinated the church to the state, and extended civil rights to jews
