chaps 1 and 2

Question 1

what factors influence our health?

Answer 1

anything that influences our life and our lifestyle

ex: walkable communities, access to healthcare, food, socioeconomic status

Question 2

importance of studying the SDOH

Answer 2

employment, poverty, housing, conditions of life, stress, neighborhood, education

Question 3

conditional model of health and disease

Answer 3

internal factors x external factors = disease

• innate characteristics of an individual, typically unmodifiable
• environmental factors and non-innate individual characteristics, often modifiable

Question 4

what are the drivers? (what is influencing our health)

Answer 4

the political economy - politics, minimum age, etc.

• conditions of life - socioeconomic status, wealth distribution, poverty
• health outcomes

Question 5

external determinants of health and disease

Answer 5

environmental factors that are not usually controlled by individuals 
- lead in drinking water 
- air pollution 
- seatbelt law
lifestyle factors that are determined by individual choice 
-physical activity 
-sleep 
-cancer screening behavior

Question 6

physical activity - our choice?

Answer 6

does your daily schedule allow time for exercise? do your friends and family exercise regularly? are there gyms near your apartment or home? is your neighborhood walkable

Question 7

sleep (SDOH)

Answer 7

is your apartment noisy at night? do you have ac on a hot summer night? do you work night shift? are you stressed due to finances?

Question 8

cancer screening behavior

Answer 8

do you have health insurance? how easy can you get to your health provider? do you have a spouse or family member who got their screening done and is encouraging you? based on religious beliefs.

Question 9

barriers - political economy

Answer 9

health care system, health insurance, biomedical model, resistance, lack of political will

Question 10

five key areas - healthy people 2030

Answer 10

health care access, poverty, income inequality

Question 11

neighborhood and built enviornment

Answer 11

access to healthy foods, quality of housing, crime and violence, environmental conditions

Question 12

working conditions and health

Answer 12

heavy lifting, unsafe conditions, sedentary positions, high stress, high demand, low control, lack of workplace opportunities, resources, benefits

Question 13

education access and quality

Answer 13

high school graduation, enrollment in higher education, language and literacy

Question 14

economic stability

Answer 14

poverty, employment, food security, housing stability

Question 15

social and community context

Answer 15

social cohesion, civic participation, discrimination, incarceration

Question 16

social determinants of health

Answer 16

refers broadly to any non-medical factor that influences health, including health related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs or behaviors

Question 17

downstream social determinants

Answer 17

influenced by upstream factors

Question 18

upstream social determinants

Answer 18

fundamental causes of health and disease, distant from the outcomes, drivers of the health

Question 19

what we know about the role of social factors

Answer 19

• link between greater social disadvantage with poorer health
• better health linked with higher educational attainment
• more economic resources, healthier housing and living conditions linked with better health
• having a higher social capital linked with better health
• reduced stress = better health

Question 20

conditions of life

Answer 20

people are exposed to because of the way their society is built
= how we live, work, eat, drink

Question 21

triggers of conditions of life

Answer 21

government policies, social structure, and the actions of powerful organizations