Chapitre 1 Flashcards
to behold
(lit, archaic)
regarder
(interjection) peut être utilisé pour attirer l’attention sur qq chose
*
She looked into his eyes and beheld madness.
He was a joy to behold.
It was a pleasure to behold the beauty of the sunset.
Fear Not! Behold The Saviour!
**
“eye of the beholder”: The subjective perception and judgement of the person seeing or considering something.
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
to wince
to wince at (sth)
crisper le visage, grimacer (de douleur, de dégoût)
*
“to wince in pain”
The mere memory of the injury made him wince.
[AT]
He winced at the thought of dining with Camilla
I winced at this month’s phone bill.
to hinder (sth) to be hindered by to hinder (sb from doing sth)
gêner, entraver
*
A thigh injury increasingly hindered her mobility.
A poor diet can hinder mental and physical growth.
A political situation that hinders economic growth.
An injury was hindering him from playing his best.
[BY]
Further investigation was hindered by the loss of all documentation.
Some teachers felt hindered by a lack of resources.
sullenly
sullen
de façon maussade (répondre, agir, obéir)
(adj)
sullen = renfrogné, maussade (et qui ne parle pas ou peu)
“in sullen silence” (≈ silencieusement mais visiblement dans la mauvaise humeur)
person / look / mood
sky / weather / day = maussade, assombri par des nuages
*
The offenders lapsed into a sullen silence.
Needless to say, the rest of the lunch was eaten in sullen silence.
‘I’ve never seen it before,’ Harry said sullenly.
causeway
raised path or road that crosses water or wet land.
= chaussée (terre-plein)
flag (= flagstone)
dalle, pavé (pour paver un chemin ou une étendue de terre)
nay
(archaic, humorous)
voire, que dis-je
You use nay in front of a stronger word or phrase which you feel is more correct than the one you have just used and helps to emphasise the point you are making.
+ Nay is an old-fashioned, literary, or dialect word for ‘no’.
*
Permission to build the superstore will take months, nay years
It is my pleasure, nay my privilege, to introduce tonight’s guest speaker.
hale
(rare, daté)
en pleine santé
idiom. : “hale and hearty” (redondant car les 2 = healthy)
sinewy
musclé (corps, partie du corps, personne) = lean and muscular fibreuse (viande) vigoureux (language, style) * A sinewy young man Sinewy prose * sinew = tendon (gb) = tendon (fr)
peevish
grincheux, irritable (temporairement ou trait de caractère)
*
Aubrey had slept little and that always made him peevish.
The kids were peevish after so long in the car.
a slant
to slant
verb + AT a slant
inclinaison, biais, angle, pente to slant to grow / to come AT a slant * Italic writing slants to the right. A slant pocket. [ON] You're slightly above the garden because the house is on a slant. [AT] The hedge grew at a slant. Cut at a slant, leaving the hair longer at the shoulders.
stunted
to stunt
(personne, plante)
chétif, rabougri, rachitique
to stunt = to prevent from growing or developing properly.
stunted growth = retard de croissance
*
A few stunted trees were the only vegetation visible.
Drought (= sécheresse) has stunted this year’s corn crop.
gaunt
émacié, décharné (visage, corps) en particulier à cause de la souffrance, la maladie ou l’âge
morne, sinistre (paysage, habitation)
*
Looking gaunt and tired, he denied there was anything to worry about.
Her face was gaunt and grey.
The house looked gaunt and unwelcoming.
A gaunt, windswept landscape.
to jut (out)
dépasser, faire saillie
*
The northern end of the island juts out like a long, thin finger into the sea.
Tombstones jutted out of the ground in broken clusters.
treshold
seuil, pas de la porte (au figuré) seuil * He stopped at the threshold of the bedroom. I have a low boredom threshold. Below the threshold for paying tax.
lavish
somptueux, abondant, luxueux (peut être une critique : extravagance, excès)
*
…a lavish party to celebrate Bryan’s fiftieth birthday.
Critics attack his lavish spending and flamboyant style.
The critics were lavish in their praise
surly
grincheux, revêche. ponctuellement mais semble plutôt utilisé quand trait de caractère manner / person / expression * He became surly and rude towards me.
parlour
(dated) pièce de reception ≈ salon
a room in a public building for receiving guests
**
Au MA, dans les monastères, pièces où l’on pouvait parler.
A l’époque moderne, après le MA, emergence de la classe moyenne = maison + grandes et début des “parlours” (les aristocrates ont déjà des “state room”)
Au 18ème et 19ème, symbole de statut social.
Au 20ème, moins de receptions formelles et remplacé plutôt par “sitting /drawing room”
Toujours utilisé pour : funeral parlour, beauty parlour, ice-cream parlour, pizza parlour, massage parlour
to clatter
heurter, entrechoquer, cliqueter (à répétition / rattling)
*
His hobnail boots clattered on the stone floor.
Don’t clatter the dishes - you’ll wake the baby up.
The clatter of horse hooves on pavement.
cullender
= colander
pewter
métal blanc
alliage d’étain (avec du plomb et/ou de l’antimoine et/ou du cuivre par ex.)
**
L’addition d’un métal à l’étain le rend plus dur.
Utilisé dès l’antiquité.
Au 17ème et 18ème, présent pour tous les articles de maison (carafes, assiettes, chopes, cuillères, bougeoirs, encriers, etc.)
to intersperse
to intersperse sth with sth
to intersperse sth among
disperser, parsemer, ponctuer
*
…skilfully interspersing jokes and gossipy anecdotes among his instructions.
The debate was interspersed with angry exchanges.
Originally the intention was to intersperse the historical scenes with modern ones.
The wallpaper pattern intersperse polka dots with bright flowers
tankard
chope (grand verre / gobelet avec une anse)
sundry (adj)
sundries
(adj)
divers, différent, varié
(nom)
“divers” (choses trop hétéroclites ou trop peu importantes pour être détaillées)
*
(adj)
Scientists, business people, and sundry others gathered on Monday for the official opening.
She could ring for food and drink, laundry and sundry services.
(nom - tjrs pluriel)
a drugstore selling magazines, newspapers, and sundries.
