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Physiological Psychology > Chaper 11 > Flashcards

Chaper 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Glutamate

A

Excitatory amino acid

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2
Q

Aspartate

A

Excitatory amino acid

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3
Q

Glycine

A

Inhibitory amino acid

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4
Q

GABA

A

Inhibitory amino acid

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5
Q

Huntington Disease

A
  • Gene on chromosome 4 that effects production of Huntington
  • Effects of Glutamate Excitotoxicity
  • No cure/ Good treatments
  • lack of concentration
  • short term memory
  • involuntary movements
  • stumbling
  • dramatic weight loss
  • depression
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6
Q

Excitotoxicity

A

neuron dies from over productivity

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7
Q

Neuropeptides – roles as hormones and neurotransmitters

A

small protein-like molecules (peptides) used by neurons to communicate with each other. They are neuronal signaling molecules that influence the activity of the brain in specific ways.

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8
Q

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

A
  • released in hypothalamus

- helps regulate food intake

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9
Q

Panic Disorder

A

psychiatric disorder in which debilitating anxiety and fear arise frequently and without reasonable cause.

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10
Q

Agoraphobia

A

ype of anxiety disorder in which you fear and often avoid places or situations that might cause you to panic and make you feel trapped, helpless or embarrassed.

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11
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

A

hippocampus used in part for learning and memory

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12
Q

Vasopressin

A

-involved in learning and memory

hormone- regulates urination- water release

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13
Q

Angiotensin

A

regulates water intake (thirst)

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14
Q

Substance P

A

used for transmitting pain

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15
Q

Endorphins and Enkephalins

A

for reward/ pleasure/ pain suppressors

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16
Q

Dale’s Law

A
  • each neuron releases just one neurotransmitter

- this is wrong

17
Q

Psychoactive Drugs

A
  • drugs act by enhancing or impeding neurotransmitter activities
  • to be psychoactive, must be able to cross the blood brain barrier
18
Q

Agonists

A

increasing activities of a neurotransmitter

19
Q

Antagonists

A

work against activities of neurotransmitters

20
Q

Rules of Multiplication and Neurotransmitters/Drugs

A 
excitatory neurotransmitter (+)       agonist (+)
inhibitory neurotransmitter (-)       antagonist (-) 
Neg x Neg= pos   Positive x Positive= positive 
Positive x Neg= negative   Neg x Positive= negative
21
Q

Depressants

A

decrease behavioral activity

ex. alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines

22
Q

Alcohol

A
  • starts in the prefrontal lobes (out to in)
  • effects judgement and inhibition
  • effects limbic system
  • motor behavior is effected
23
Q

Causes of Alcohol Abuse

A

Gabaagonist- increasing inhibitory= depressant effects

possible genetic predisposition

24
Q

Genetic Intolerance of Alcohol (allergy)

A

Allergic to alcohol

25
Q

Korsakoff’s Syndrome

A

-results from chronic alcohol abuse
-memory loss
-sensory and motor dysfuntion
-dementia
-

26
Q

Cirrhosis of the liver

A

complication of liver disease which involves loss of liver cells and irreversible scarring of the liver.

27
Q

Benzodiazepines (e.g., Valium, Librium)

A

used for treating anxiety

-tend to have lower potential to abuse

28
Q

Caffeine

A

stimulate- increase behavioral activity, mood, altertness and motor behavior

29
Q

Adenosine

A

drug used to treat irregular heart beat

30
Q

Nicotine

A

stimulate- increase behavioral activity, mood, altertness and motor behavior

31
Q

hypoxia

A

oxygen starvation (why people think smoking cigs relaxes them)

32
Q

Strychnine (How it works, used as poison)

A

glycine antagonist

  • put in heroin, cocaine, LSD
  • supposedly killed Robert Johnson
33
Q

Nucleus Accumbers

A

primary part of brain responsible for addiction

34
Q

Cocaine

A 
feels indifferent (superhuman) 
just blocks repute of dopamine and neripernherine
35
Q

Opiates (common types, how they work)

A
  • they bind to opioid receptors, mimic endorphins and enkephalins
  • morphine, codeine, demerol, heroine powder

Physiological Psychology (7 decks)

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