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A & P > Chaper 1 notes > Flashcards

Chaper 1 notes Flashcards

0
Q

Inspection

A

Looking at the body’s appearance

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1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of form

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2
Q

Palpation

A

Feeling a structure with the hands

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3
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening to natural sounds

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4
Q

Percussion

A

Tapping on the body to look for abnormal resistance

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5
Q

Cadaver dissection

A

Cutting and separating tissues of a dead body

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6
Q

Comparative anatomy

A

The study of more than one species

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7
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Can be seen with the naked eye

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8
Q

Histology

A

Microscopic study of tissue

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9
Q

Cytology

A

Study of structure and function of cells

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10
Q

Physiology

A

The study of function

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11
Q

Comparative physiology

A

Study of how different species function

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12
Q

Hippocrates

A

Known as the father of medicine A Greek physician who established a code of ethics for physicians

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13
Q

Galen

A

Physician for Roman gladiators he wrote the most influential medical textbook for the ancient era

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14
Q

Andreas Vesalius

A

The first to publish accurate illustrations for teaching anatomy and the first Atlas of anatomy

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15
Q

William Harvey

A

First to realize the blood to circulate continuously

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16
Q

Robert Hooke

A

Improve the optics and invented several features of compound microscopes

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17
Q

Matthias Schleidin & Theodore Schwann

A

Scientists that concluded that all organisms are composed of cells

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18
Q

Organism

A

Single complete individual

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19
Q

Organ system

A

Group with unique collective function

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20
Q

Organ

A

Two or more tissues that work together to carry out a function

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21
Q

Tissue

A

Mass of similar cells that forms a discrete region of an organ and performs a specific function

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22
Q

Cell

A

The smallest unit of an organism that carries out all the basic functions of life

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23
Q

Organelle

A

Structure in a cell that carries out individual functions

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24
Q

Molecule

A

A particle composed of Atoms

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25
Q

Atom

A

The smallest particle with unique chemical identities

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26
Q

The book teaches what percent

A

70

27
Q

Some people lack organs

A

Or Have extra

28
Q

Situs inversus

A

Organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities are reversed between right and left

29
Q

Situs purversus

A

A single organ occupies an atypical position

30
Q

Human Organization

A

Exhibit a higher level of organization the nonliving things

31
Q

Human cellular composition

A

Compartmentalized into one or more cells

32
Q

Metabolism

A

The sum of all internal chemical change

33
Q

Anabolism

A

Molecules are synthesized

34
Q

Catabolism

A

Molecules are broken down

35
Q

Excretion

A

The separation of wastes from the tissues and their elimination from the body

36
Q

Responsiveness and movement

A

The ability of organisms to sense and react to stimuli

37
Q

Responsiveness and movement includes

A

A nerve and muscle cells

B self-propelled movement from place to place

38
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintain internal stability

39
Q

Development

A

Any change in form or function over the lifetime of the organism

40
Q

Differentiation

A

The transformation of cells with no specialized function into cells that Are committed to a particular task

41
Q

Growth

A

An increase in size

42
Q

Reproduction

A

Produces copies of themselves

43
Q

Physiological variables different with

A

Sex age weight diet degree of physical activity and environment

44
Q

What is a reference man

A

Healthy male 22 years old 154 LBS engaging in light of physical activity consuming 2800 cal a day

45
Q

Reference woman

A

Same ass man except 128 LBS and an intake 2000 cal a day

46
Q

Homeostasis

A

The ability to maintain stable internal conditions

47
Q

Dynamic equilibrium

A

There is a certain set point for a given variable and conditions fluctuate slightly around this point

48
Q

Negative feedback

A

Mechanism that keeps variables close to the set point

a. A process in which the body senses a change and activates mechanisms the negate or reverse it

Example thermoregulation

49
Q

Feedback loops

A

End product alters the original changes that triggered the formation of the end product

50
Q

Components of a feedback loop

A

Receptors integrating centers and efectors

51
Q

Receptor

A

A structure that sense is a change in the body

52
Q

Integrating center

A

A mechanism that processes information from the receptor related to other information and s response

53
Q

Effector

A

Cell or organ that carries out the corrective action

54
Q

Positive feedback

A

Self amplifying cycle in which this physiological change leads to even greater change in the same direction

55
Q

Positive feedback is a normal way of producing

A

Rapid change

56
Q

Example childbirth

A

The stress of the cervix stimulates nerve endings which signals the pituitary to secrete oxytocin

57
Q

What percent of medical terms are from Greek and Latin roots

A

90%

58
Q

Greeks and Romans coin many of the words

A

Still used today

59
Q

Roots

A

Bears the core meaning of the word

60
Q

Combining vowels

A

Are often inserted to join roots

61
Q

Prefix

A

Added to the beginning of the word to modify the core meaning of the word

62
Q

Suffix

A

Added to the end of a word to modify its core meaning

63
Q

Eponyms

A

Terms formed from the names of people

64
Q

Acronyms

A

Words composed of the first letter or first few letters of the word

A & P (4 decks)

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