Chap3 computer and components

Question 1

memory cache

Answer 1

high speed memory external to processor which stores data which the processor will need again

Question 2

random access memory

Answer 2

primary memory unit that can be written to read from

Question 3

Read only memory

Answer 3

primary memory unit that can be only read from

Question 4

Dynamic RAM

Answer 4

type of RAM chip that needs to be constantly refreshed

Question 5

Static RAM

Answer 5

type of RAM chip that uses flip-flop and does not need refreshing

Question 6

Programmable ROM

Answer 6

type of ROM chip that can be programed once

Question 7

Erasable PROM EPROM

Answer 7

type of ROM that can be programmed more than once using UV light

Question 8

Hard disk drive

Answer 8

type of magnetic storage device that uses spinning disk

Question 9

Latency

Answer 9

The lag in a system. For EX: the time to find a track on a hard disk, which depend on the time taken for the disc to rotate around to its read-write head

Question 10

Fragmented

Answer 10

storage of data in non-consecutive sectors; for ex: dur to editing and deletion of old data

Question 11

Removable HDD

Answer 11

portable HDD, that is external to the computer; can be connected via a USB part when required

Question 12

Solid State drive

Answer 12

Storage media with no moving part that relies on movement of electrons

Question 13

Electronically erasable programable read-only memory (EEPROM)`

Answer 13

Read only chip that can be modified by the user, which can be erased and written

Question 14

Flash memory

Answer 14

a type of EEPROM, particularly suited to use in drive such as SSD, memory stick

Question 15

Optical Storage

Answer 15

CD,DVD, Blue-ray disc that use laser light to read and write data

Question 16

Dual layering

Answer 16

used in DVD, uses 2 recording layers

Question 17

Birefringence

Answer 17

a reading problem with DVD caused by refraction of laser light into 2 beams.

Question 18

binder 3D printing

Answer 18

3D printing method that uses a 2 stage pass; the first stage uses dry powder then binding agent

Question 19

Direct 3D printing

Answer 19

3D printing technique where the print head move in the x,y,z direction. Layer of melted material are built up by the nozzel like inkjet printer

Question 20

Digital to analogue converter (DAC)

Answer 20

convert digital data into electric current that can drive motor,actuator

Question 21

Analogue to digital converter (ADC)

Answer 21

convert analogue data to form that computer can understand

Question 22

Organic LED

Answer 22

use movement of electron between cathode, anode to produce on-screen image , Generate own light, no need backing light

Question 23

sensor

Answer 23

input device that read data physically from its surrounding