Chap 9. The kinetic particle model of matter Flashcards
how do solids, liquids, and gases act in containers?
Solid: Takes shape of container
Liquid: Takes shape of container
Gas: expands to fill container
What is the lowest temperature anything can reach?
-273C
Absolute zero:
The temperature at which particles have no kinetic energy (not possible to get any cooler)
what is the volume of a gas equal to?
The distance between the particles
What is Brownian motion?
the continuous, irregular motion of tiny particles due to collisions with surrounding molecules in the fluid (water or air).
an example of Brownian motion?
The frequent collisions of smoke particles with air molecules
why does gas cause pressure on the walls of its container?
the gas particles are constantly colliding with the walls
how does increasing temperature affect the pressure of a gas?
It increases it; the particles are moving faster and hit the walls of the container more frequently.
How does compressing (decreasing volume) a gas affect its pressure?
It increases it; the particles have less places to move, so they hit the walls of the container more frequently
What is internal energy?
The total energy of all the particles of a substance
what defines the celsius temperature scale?
Melting and boiling points of water
what is the melting point of pure ice
0C
what is the boiling point of pure water
100C
what temperature does the kelvin temperature start from ?
-273 C or absolute zero
equation for celsius to kelvin
K = 273 + temperature (C)
