chap 9 Flashcards
pain is…
subjective
consequences of untreated pain
- unnecessary suffering
- physical/psychosocial dysfunction
- immunosuppression
- sleep disturbances
source of pain stimulates peripheral nerve endings
nociceptors
joint commission standards for pain management
require to improve pain assessment and management for all patients
transduction
injured tissue releases chemicals that affect nociceptors sending pain message up sensory neuron
transmission
pain impulse relays pain from spinal cord to brain
perception
pain perceived by brain
modulation
pain message is inhibited by brain stem neuron release of endogenous neurotransmitters
classification of pain
- nociceptive pain
- neuropathic pain
- inflammatory pain
nociceptive pain
normal response to noxious injury of tissues such as skin, muscles, visceral organs, joints, tendons, or bones
neuropathic pain
initiated/caused by primary lesion/disease in the somatosensory nervous system
inflammatory pain
result of activation and sensitization
types of pain
- acute
- chronic
- cancer
- intractable
- cutaneous
- visceral
- deep somatic
acute pain
- < 6 months
- associated w/ specific injury
- predictable beginning/ending
- self protective
chronic/persistent pain
- long term
- associated w/ specific cause of injury
- constant pain
- does not stop when injury heals
