chap 9

Question 1

What refers to the areas in the midportion of the shafts of long bones where bone cells are formed?

Answer 1

Primary ossification centers

Question 2

What refers to the areas near the ends of long bones where new bone cells are formed for length growth?

Answer 2

Secondary ossification centers, Epiphyseal plates

Question 3

How do muscle fibers grow in the prenatal period?

Answer 3

hyperplasia, hypertrophy

Question 4

Muscle mass increases rapidly in boys up to about age 17 and ultimately accounts for what percentage of men’s body weight?

Answer 4

54%

Question 5

What hormones stimulate protein anabolism to promote tissue building?

Answer 5

thyroid hormone, growth hormone, gonadal hormones

Question 6

In young adulthood, the proportion of lean body weight making up body composition often begins to ____________ as a result of _____________ in fat weight.

Answer 6

decrease; increases

Question 7

Which of the following is true about changes in subcutaneous fat during growth?

Answer 7

Adolescent girls add subcutaneous fat to their trunks and limbs, Both boys and girls have an increase in subcutaneous fat from age 6 or 7 through age 12 or 13, Boys tend to lose subcutaneous fat in midadolescence

Question 8

Which system exerts its control over specific cellular functions through hormones?

Answer 8

endocrine

Question 9

Which of the following is true about the prenatal migration of neurons and their branching?

Answer 9

Differentiation of cells is driven primarily through genetics, The process can be affected by the mother’s smoking

Question 10

What accounts for the rapid increase in brain weight following birth?

Answer 10

continued branching of neurons to form synapses, increasing glia and myelin, increasing size of neurons