Chap 8.3 FLIGHT PROCEDURES Flashcards
327- Under KA Regulations can an IFR FPL be Transformed to a VFR FPL in Flight if VMC Conditions are Encountered?
(8.3.1.1)
Under NO Circumstances IFR FPL can be Cancelled to
a VFR FPL.
328- Who is Responsible to be Up to Date with HK AIP, AIP Supplements, AIC, NOTAMS, ANO, etc.?
When shall it be done?
(8.3.1.2)
- The Flight Crew is Responsible for Knowing the Latest
Amendments
- It should be Done at the Airfield of Departure.
329- Can a KA Aircraft fly in an Uncontrolled Airspace?
(8.3.1.2)
It is possible Under Specific Circumstances
(i.e. Charter flights)
It must be Done with the Approval of the Dir. of Operations.
330- What happen if ATC Inform the Aircraft that it is Not flying within the Standard of Navigational Accuracy?
(8.3.1.2)
The Commander shall Report it by Filing an ASR.
331- What are the Standard Procedures regarding the Use on NAV Aids in Flight?
(8.3.1.2)
- For DEP & ARR Procedures the NAV Aids
* Shall be Displayed and Identified by Both Pilots
* Can be Auto-Tuned.
332- What are the Navigation Database Available on FMGS for A320/321.
Where to Find their Reference?
(8.3.1.2)
KA 1 -> Legacy FMS
KA 2 -> FMS Release 1A
They can be Identified via “A/C Status Page” (LSK 2R).
333- According to KA Standard,
What the Suffix “8” means on a Company Route?
i. e. HKGXMN8
(8. 3.1.2)
Suffix ‘8’ is Normally used for Company Alternate Routes.
334- If a Pilot Store a Waypoint in the Database Will it be Automatically Deleted at the End of the Flight?
(8.3.1.2)
NO, it will Stay in the Database Until:
- The Navigation Database is Updated
- The Waypoint is Manually Deleted.
335- What will be the Default Approach in the KA1 Database (due to programming constraints) if More than One is available?
i. e. ILS X,Y,Z
(8. 3.1.2)
The Only Approach will be ILS “Z” by Default
* Only One per Type is Inserted for KA1.
336- If a Discrepancy Exists Between Chart and Navigation Database, Which is Definitive?
How should it be Reported?
(8.3.1.2)
- The Charts are Always Definitive version
* Unless Amended by Notams.
- It shall be reported in the CAR with attention to:
* Line Operations.
337- What North Reference is Used by the RNAV System?
(8.3.1.2)
- The RNAV is based on True North
- It displays Magnetic Course Only for Pilot Reference.
338- What is the Maximum Allowed Difference between the Course of RNAV Display and the SID/STAR Charts Course?
(8.3.1.2)
The Maximum Difference shall Not Exceed “3°”.
339- What is the Standard Reference for All Charts in Aviation?
(8.3.1.2)
Geodetic Reference Datums: WGS-84
340- What is the Future Concept of Navigation?
(8.3.1.2)
It’s Area Navigation (RNAV)
+ Required Navigation Performance (RNP)
+ Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
341- What is the Definition of RNAV?
(8.3.1.2)
- It’s a “Method of Navigation” Allowing Operation on
“Any Flight Path” with support of:
* Ground Based Navigation or GNSS or Both.
- It does Not require to be Monitored
342- How is RNAV Accuracy Defined?
(8.3.1.2)
RNAV - “Accuracy Factor”
i.e. RNAV-3 = 3 NM Accuracy
343- What is the Definition of PBN in Navigation?
(8.3.1.2)
- PBN = Performance Based Navigation
- It combines 3 Interrelated Elements:
* Nav Application
= Nav Specifications
+ Navaid Infrastructure
344- What is the Definition of RNP?
(8.3.1.2)
- RNP = Required Navigation Performance
- It Allows an Aircraft to Proceed on Specific Procedures
* Such as Complex Arrivals/Departures
- It Requires to be Monitored
- It Will Alert the Crew if it’s Not Compliant.
345- How is the RNP Accuracy Defined?
(8.3.1.2)
RNP-“Accuracy Factor” (i.e. RNP-0.3) means:
- 0.3 NM of Accuracy
* It Must be Accurate at least 95% of the time
with All Aircrafts Within the Airspace.
346- What is the Difference Between:
RNP and RNAV?
(8.3.1.2)
RNP is an RNAV with an On-board Navigation Monitoring
and Alerting System.
347- Where to find the Diverse Specifications / Requirements for RNAV/RNP?
(8.3.1.2)
Chapter 8
Flight Procedures
(Navigation) 8.3.1.2
348- Is DragonAir Approved for:
RNAV(RNP),
RNAV(GNSS),
RNAV(GPS) & GPS Approaches?
(8.3.1.2) & (8.3.6.1)
- RNP, GNSS, GPS Approaches = YES (S1 S2 on FPL)
- RNP AR (Authorisation Required) = Not Yet (T1 T2 on FPL)
Flight Procedures
(Approach)
(Instrument Approach Procedures) 8.3.6.1.
349- Can a RNAV be Substitutes to a Navaid in All Cases?
(8.3.1.2)
- YES / NO …
* RNAV can be Substitutes to a NAV Aids
(VOR, NDB, DME …) if those are Out of Service
* Except for the Navaids providing Lateral Guidance
on the Final Approach Segment.
350- What Precautions should be Taken When Using RNAV for an ILS?
(8.3.1.2)
- If the ILS Info is Entered in the PROG Page it will
Provide the Distance to the ILS Localizer Antenna…
* Which might be Different from the Distance given
by the Original DME
(Localizer Antenna being located at the End of the
RWY)
- It will be Better to Enter the Runway Threshold in
the PROG Page.
351- Are RNAV Approach Only (No other support) Authorised by KA?
(8.3.1.2)
NO …
They are Prohibited (i.e. No GPS update).
352- What are the Restrictions of Flying RNP 1 or Less?
(8.3.1.2)
It can Only be Fly if Already in the Database…
- Pilot Cannot:
* Create Waypoints based on Coordinates
* Change Database Waypoints Characteristics
(i.e. change Fly-by to Fly-over).
353- Does RNAV Require Tuning / Identification or External Navaid if Available?
(8.3.1.2)
- It is Technically Not Required as it is Based on the FMS
Updated by the GPS
- Raw Data still Can Be Used to Verify the Correct Tracking.
354- What is the Definition of GNSS
GNSS = Global Navigation Surveillance System
- It provides Position, Velocity & Time
- It’s Based on Satellite Constellations from US/EU/RU/CN.
355- What are GBAS (LAAS), SBAS (WASS), ABAS, RAIM for?
(8.3.1.2)
Those are diverse GNSS Augmentation System
- They Compensate Performance Limitations of the GNSS
System.
- RAIM is the Most Commonly Used (48h Accuracy).
356- What are the Restrictions of Flying to Airports with GPS-Only Approaches?
(8.3.1.2)
GPS PRIMARY Availability must be Verified Prior to Flight using the RAIM Prediction in the CFD Package.
357- Where to Find Information about “Flight in Schedule 8 Area”?
(8.3.1.2)
(PRO-SPO-52)
FCOM PRO-SPO-52
SCHEDULE 8 NAVIGATION AREAS
358- What are the Differences Between ADS-A, -B, -C?
(8.3.1.2)
ADS-A (Addressed)
ADS-B (Broadcast)
ADS-C (Contract)
- A or C are Identical and Based on an Information
- B is the Aircraft Transmitting Blindly a Number of
Information Without the Expectation of a
Reply / Acknowledgement.
359- Where to find the details on AREA Conducting ADS-B Ops?
(8.3.1.2)
- In NOTAMS
OR
- FLIGHT PROCEDURES
(GENERAL)
(Designation of ADS-B Airspace Within DragonAir’s
Area of Operation)
8.3.1.2 p 150
360- What is to be done if the Systems on Board are NOT Compliant with ADS-B Requirements?
(8.3.1.2)
- Contact Flight Dispatch to ensure “Route Restrictions”
for “Non-ADS Flights” have been Taken Into Account
- Refer to the MEL for Serviceability Requirements.
361- How to Inhibit the ADS-B in Flight?
(8.3.1.2)
That is Prohibited by KA procedures to Preserve:
- SSR or TCAS operations
* Technically you can put the Transponder on Standby.
362- What are 3 Need to Know about ADS-B System?
(8.3.1.2)
- ADS-B is Limited to “Line of Sight”
- ADS-B Ident is Transmit using the IDENT Button
of the Transponder.
- Do NOT Switch Off the Transponder or Altitude Reporting
when asked to Stop Transmitting ADS-B Data/Altitude.
363- What to do if ADS System Fails?
(8.3.1.2)
The Normal Position Reporting by Voice is Resumed.
364- What are the ATC Procedures if Emergency Codes are Put In the Transponder
(i. e. 7500/6/7)?
(8. 3.1.2)
An EMER Tag will Appear on the Controller Screen
- If the Flight Crew does Not Communicate with ATC:
* ‘Unlawful Interference’ will be suspected
ATC will ask “KA …, Confirm Squawking xxxx?”
* If Still No Responses:
‘Unlawful Interference’ Procedure will be Activated.
365- What are the Differences between:
Radar and ADS-B Environment?
(8.3.1.2)
- With Radar ATC relies on:
* Radar Return and Transponder Signs
- With ADS-B ATC relies on:
* Data Transmitted by the Aircraft
- In both cases above ATC will use:
* “KA … Identified” Generic Terms.
366- What’s the Phraseology Associated with:
1) “Dragon … Advise
ADS-B capability”
2) “Dragon … Stop ADS-B Transmission”
3) “Dragon … Stop ADS-B Altitude”
(8. 3.1.2)
1) “ADS-B Transmitter TEN NINETY Data Link Dragon …”
2) “Unable Dragon …”
3) “Unable Dragon …”.
367- Wen is it Required to Crosscheck Altimeters?
(8.3.1.3)
- At 20,000 FT AAL
10,000 FT AAL
5,000 FT AAL
1,000 FT AAL
- At 1,000 FT Before the Assigned Level/Altitude.
368- What to do if QFE is the Only Information Given at the Destination Airport?
(8.3.1.3)
A Correction for Airport Elevation must be Applied to:
- All Procedural Altitudes.
369- What Altitude Reference should be used for:
1) Non-Precision APP,
CAT 1 APP?
2) CAT 2/3 APP?
(8. 3.1.3)
1) MDA or DA based on the Barometric Altimeter
2) DH based on the Radio Altimeter.
370- When / How to Use / Check the Metric Altimeter?
(8.3.1.3)
- Within China:
The Metric Altimeter subscale is to be changed:
* at the Same Time as the Barometer Reference
on the EFIS Control Panel
- Outside China:
* Set to Standard at All Time
- No Inflight Crosscheck is necessary with the Standby
Altimeter Except for the Subscale Setting (Pressure
Setting).
371-What is the Procedure when the Clearance is in METERS and the Airport Reference if the QFE?
(8.3.1.3)
- Primary Method of Conversion:
* Use the Table from SID, STAR or APP Chart
“M QFE –> Ft QNH”
- If Not Available, use the Metric Conversion Card
* Convert Metres –> Feet,
* Add the Aerodrome Elevation
Please Note:
The Resultant Values in Feet shall be Rounded to 100ft
i.e. 550 M = 1900 Ft + A/D Elev. 243 Ft = 2143 Ft
Rounded = 2100 Ft.
372- What to do if the TCAS-RA say to Go One Way and the ATC Another Way?
(8.3.1.4)
The RA Shall be Followed at ALL Times.
373- What is the Maximum Recommended Rate of Climb / Descent to be used to Avoid TCAS Nuisance?
(8.3.1.4)
1000 Ft/Min Maximum.
374- Is it possible to Fly with a TCAS INOP?
(8.3.1.4)
Yes it is Possible in Accordance with the MEL
* This Includes RVSM Airspace.
375- If the TCAS is INOP do we Have to Inform ATC or Else?
(8.3.1.4)
There is NO Requirements to Inform ATC
or to Report it on the Flight Plan.
376- If the TCAS is INOP can Other Aircrafts ‘See’ us?
(8.3.1.4)
YES …
- As long as the Transponder is Reporting our Altitude,
we will be Visible to All Aircrafts TCAS II Equipped.
377- What’s the Definition of a RVSM Airspace?
(8.3.1.5)
- Vertical Separation Between Aircraft is 1000 Ft
from FL 290 to FL 410 (291 to 411 within China)
- The Letter ‘W’ will be Shown on the Flight Plan.
378- Can the RVSM Rules be Changed Depending on the Region Over Flown?
(8.3.1.5)
Some Regional Differences Exist and can be Found in
the NavTech Supplement – ATC section.
379- Where to find the information about Required Equipment for RVSM flight?
(8.3.1.5)
- NavTech Supplement – ATC section
- FCOM PRO–SPO–50
Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM).
380- While in RVSM Airspace under What Circumstances it’s Required to Fill an ASR?
(8.3.1.5)
- If the Fly Deviates by 300 Ft
* ASR Report and Line Ops by CAR
- If Wake Turbulence are Encountered
* ASR Report.
381- What is the Maximum Deviation Allowed between a Cleared Level in Meters and Actual PFD Readout?
(8.3.1.5)
A maximum of 30 M or 100 Ft.
382- What are the Requirements for Fuel Once in Flight?
(8.3.1.6)
The Aircraft can Continue to Destination if:
- The Following Requirement are Satisfied:
* Normal Fuel Required
OR
* Availability of a Suitable ERA
OR
* In Flight Reduction of Normal Fuel Required.
383- Is it possible to TakeOff with NO Contingency Left (5%)?
(8.3.1.6)
YES…
- It’s “Allowed” (i.e. “Due to Unforeseen Taxi Delays”)
- However it should Never Impact the Safety of the Flight.
384- What is the Definition of Normal Fuel Required?
(8.3.1.6)
It’s the Fuel Required to Proceed from:
- Present Position to:
(Destination + App & G/A)
+ (Diversion + 5% Cont.) to ALTN
+ (Hold 30mn/1500 Ft + App & LDG) at the ALTN.
385- What is the Definition of
Availability of a Suitable ERA?
(8.3.1.6)
- During Flight at Any Point if the Fuel:
* Becomes Close to the Minimum Diversion Fuel
the Decision to Continue OR Go to ERA shall
be made while it’s Still Feasible
- If the Decision is to Continue:
* The Normal Fuel Required must be available Before
Passing Overhead or Abeam the Last Suitable ERA
+ Unless:
‘In Flight Reduction of Normal Fuel Required’
Criteria can be met.
386- What is the Definition of “In Flight Reduction of Normal Fuel Required” prior to Descent?
(8.3.1.6)
- During Flight we see that we will Arrive at Destination
with Less than the Minimum Diversion Fuel
It’s Possible to Continue IF (p 152):
* The Remaining Fuel is sufficient to:
Go to Destination
+ (5% Cont. from Last ERA to DEST.)
+ (Hold 30 Min/1500 Ft + App & LDG) at DEST
* There are NO Known or Probable ATC Delays
* Destination Weather at ETA:
+ ≥ Non Precision Minima for Filling as an Alternate
(Refer to FPLN Page 2)
+ Cross Winds ≤ Crew & Aircraft Limits
* The Airport have 2 Suitable Runways.
387- What is the Definition of “In Flight Reduction of Normal Fuel Required” After having Start the Descent? (8.3.1.6)
- If after having Start the Descent:
* The Fuel become Less than the Required Diversion Fuel
(i.e. Unexpected Holding)
* The Flight can Continue to Destination if at Landing:
+ Remaining Fuel ≥ Reserve Fuel
(At DEST 45 Min are Recommended by KA)
- The Commander must consider:
* ALL Relevant Factors before Continuing to Destination
Rather than Divert to an Alternate.
388- What is the Recommended Minimum Fuel at the Destination Airport by KA?
(8.3.1.6)
- Legally it’s 30 Min
- KA Recommend 45 Min at DEST IF:
* Reduction of Normal Fuel Required has been applied
(Dump of the Alternate).
389- If In-Flight Reduction of Normal Fuel Required is considered And the Notams of Hong Kong Indicate that the 2nd RWY is Closed. What are the Options Available?
(8.3.1.6)
Asked IOC is the 2nd Runway:
- Can be Made Available at Short Notice.
390- What is the Definition of Minimum Fuel for Landing?
(8.3.1.6)
- The Value should be Calculated from the Lowest of:
* ECAM FOB v/s (DEP FUEL – FUEL USED)
- The Commander shall Declare “Minimum Fuel”
- It is NOT an Emergency
- Any Changes of the Initial Clearance to the
Destination Airport Might bring a MAYDAY Call.
391- Related to the Fuel, In what Case a MAYDAY Call would be used?
(8.3.1.6)
If the Calculated Landing Fuel < Final Reserve Fuel
- “MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY FUEL” shall be Declared.
392- What are the Critical Points the Crew should Consider when a Diversion become Necessary?
(8.3.1.6)
- Low Levels
- Delays on Arrival
- Fuel Consumption Increase due to Technical Problem
(QRH Fuel Penalty Factors).
393- What are the Points to Remember about the
Cost Index?
(8.3.1.6)
- It should Not be Changed if:
* The ATA is Before ETA
- On-time Arrival (OTA) is More Important than:
On-Time Departure (OTD)
- Cost Index (CI) of 150 or More shall Not be Considered
* Unless for Curfew or Critical Crew Hours.
394- What are the Requirements Time / Distance for Wake Turbulences?
(8.3.1.7)
Medium to HEAVY 2 Min / 3 Min Fm Intersec. / 5 NM Final
Medium to SUPER 3 Min / 4 Min Fm Intersec. / 7 NM Final.
395- When are the Full Seat Harness Required?
(8.3.1.8)
- T/O, Initial CLB, DSCT, App & LDG
- During In Flight Turbulences
- During Single Pilot Operation.
396- What are the Phase of ‘Sterile Flight Deck’?
(8.3.1.9)
- From Engine Start or Aircraft Moves until Cruise Altitude
- From 30 minutes P/A until Aircraft Parked and Seatbelts
are Selected Off.
397- What are the Restrictions During a ‘Sterile Flight Deck’?
(8.3.1.9)
- Communication with the Cabin Reduced to Urgent or
Security Issues
- Only the Flight Deck will Initiate an Access to the Cockpit
Otherwise any Access is Prohibited.
398- What is the Minimum Number of Personnel in the Flight Deck?
(8.3.1.10)
- During Flight it will be TWO at ALL Times
- When a Cockpit Crew want to Leave the Flight Deck
he should:
* Call a Cabin Crew 1st
* Then Leave the Cockpit in her Presence.