Chap 8 Respondent Conditioning Flashcards
What are respondent behaviours and respondent conditioning?
respondent behaviours are controlled by antecedent stimuli and respondent conditioning is the manipulation of antecedent stimuli
What are operant behaviours and operant conditioning?
operant behaviours are controlled by their consequences and operant conditioning involves manipulation of consequences
What is trace conditioning?
trace conditioning is when the NS is present before the UCS but the NS ends before UCS is presented
what is delay conditioning?
when the NS is presented before the UCS, but the UCS is presented before the NS ends
What is simultaneous conditioning?
when the NS and UCS are presented at the same time
What are the most effective timing of NS and UCS for respondent conditioning?
Trace and delay conditioning
what is higher order conditioning?
occurs when a neutral stimulus is paired with an already established CS and that neutral stimulus becomes a CS and they both produce the same CR.
what are conditioned positive and negative emotional responses?
negative CER’s are fear, anger, disgust and prejudice
positive CER’s include happiness, love, … etc
these can be elicited by the CS
what is one flaw with CERs
some emotional responses can be measured like overt emotional responses such as sadness or anger that are elicited by the CS. however, its hard to operationalize or measure the covert (internal) emotions that can be causes by the CS like love or happiness. Usually a CR produces a mix of covert and overt emotional responses
What are 5 factors that influence respondent conditioning?
- nature of UCS and CS
- Temporal relationship between UCS and CS
- Contingency between CS and UCS (they should always be presented together)
- Number of pairings
- Previous exposure to CR
what is discrimination in terms of respondent behaviour?
it occurs when the CR is only elicited by a single CS or a narrow range of CS
what is generalization in terms of respondent conditioning?
when a number of stimulus that are similar to CS or a broader range of CS elicits a CR
