Chap 8 - How far were ppls' lives transformed after independence Flashcards
How did the govt overcome the challenge of lack of sense of belonging
- NS was introduced to foster a national identity among the ppl in SG
- National symbols were created to promote a common identity and a sense of belonging among Singaporeans
3 ways the govt overcame security challenges
- Introducing NS in 1967 (the conscription of male citizens into military service)
- Cooperations with other countries
- Building SG’s defence industry
Promotion of NS
- Govt organised get-tgt sessions in community centres to reassure well-being of their children in NS
- Broadcasted messages on TV to explain how NS would build a strong defence even though SG had limited manpower
+ve and -ve impact of NS
Positive:
- Foster common identity
- Bring Singaporeans from diff backgrounds and ethnicities tgt
- SG gains better security and a competent fighting force to defend itself
- Servicemen became fitter
Negative:
- Will disrupt the servicemen’s education/ career
- Living conditions in camps were initially poor
- Training were very tough with lack of standard operating procedures initially
How does cooperations with other countries overcome challenge of security
- SG built strong friendships with other countries and joined regional/ international organisations such as ASEAN and the UN
- SG signed the Five Power Defence Arrangements with Australia, New Zealand, Britain and Malaysia in 1971
> They will work tgt if SG faces any external threat
How was SG’s defence industries built
- Dr. Goh Keng Swee helped SG establish its defence industries by setting up the Charted industries of SG (CIS) in 1967
- This was to provide ammunition for the newly established SG Armed Forces (SAF)
- Thus, it in turn reduce reliance on foreign countries for military equipment
3 ways SG overcame econ challenges
- Developing manufacturing industries
- Develop SG’s infrastructure (basic facilities)
- Developing tourism and finance industries
How does developing manufacturing industries overcome econ challenges
- Govt attracted multi-national corporations (MNCs) through tax incentives to set up factories and manufacture goods in SG
- From the mid-1960, MNCs became a vital part of SG’s econ and industries
- By 1966, there were 26 MNCs and local enterprises employing more than 19,000 workers which helped provide jobs for the unemployed
- Industrial estates were set up to provide facilities for factories, such as in Jurong and in Sims Avenue from 1960 onwards
How does developing SG’s infrastructure overcome econ challenges
(Name 5 areas of infrastructure development, give e.g)
5 areas of infrastructure development from 1960s to 1975:
- (a) Banking and finance
- (b) Telecommunication
- (c) Public utilities
- (d) Air, sea and land facilities
- (e) Education
Banking and Finance (examples)
By 1973, 25 International Banks and 11 local banks were set up
Telecommunication (examples)
In 1960s, SG Telephone Board installed avg. 10,000 phone/ year to improve communication within SG
Public utilities (examples)
- Roads and expressway systems were created
- PUB (Public Utilities Board) was set up to coordinate the supply of water, electricity and gas to industries and households
Air, sea and land facilities (examples)
- A larger airport was built in Changi in 1981 to handle more cargo and passengers
- PSA (Port of Singapore Authority) managed to set up port operations
Education (examples)
Technical Education introduced in 1969 to meet demands of education in SG
How did developing tourism and finance industries help overcome the econ challenges in SG
- Jurong Bird Park, Sentosa and SG zoo were built as tourist attractions
- Conservation projects in historical areas like Chinatown, Kampong Glam and Little India
- An increase in tourist spending would lead to more jobs and econ growth
- The Monetary Authority of SG developed policies to help the financial sector grow
