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Advance Paramedics > chap 8 Ethnics (Week 3) > Flashcards

chap 8 Ethnics (Week 3) Flashcards

1
Q

Ethnics:

A

rules provided by external source like religion, code of conduct, ect

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2
Q

Rule or standards that govern conduct of members of particular group/profession;

A

how institutions should function
Morals: individuals owns right and wrongs

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3
Q

Morals:

A

individuals owns right and wrongs

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4
Q

Laws=

A

impartiality, consistent procedures, methods to identify & balance conflicting interest

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5
Q

Laws w/ Ethics

A

frequently have nothing/little to say about ethical problems & are objective

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6
Q

Religion can enhance/enrich

A

one’s ethical principles & values

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7
Q

Making Ethical 4 decisions:

A

Ethical relativism=
Deontological method=
Consequentialism=
Utilitarianism=

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8
Q

Ethical relativism=

A

each person must decide how to behave & whatever decision that person makes is ok

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9
Q

Deontological method=

A

people should just fulfill their duties

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10
Q

Consequentialism=

A

Actions can be judged as good/bad only after we know the consequences of those actions

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11
Q

Utilitarianism=

A

subtype→ doing the most good for greatest # of people

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12
Q

Codes of ethics→ many org/s have drafted a code of ethics & typically address the following:

A

Honesty & openness
Responsible mentoring & publication
Respect colleagues & integrity
Objectivity & legality
Confidentiality & social responsibility
Nondiscrimination & Human subjects protection
Respect for intellectual property & competence

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13
Q

Informed consent=

A

permission for care given after the PT has been informed of the care to be provided & the associated risks & consequences

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14
Q

Expressed consent=

A

obtained from every conscious adult who has the capacity to make a rational decision before treatment is started & includes either verbal or nonverbal cues for consent

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15
Q

Implied consent (most common)=

A

when you assume that a PT who is unresponsive or who does not have the capacity to make a rational decision would consent to emergency care if they needed it

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16
Q

Involuntary consent=

A

when you’re w/ an adult who doesn’t have the capacity to make a rational decision (mental) or w/ an individual who is in custody of PD/ incarcerated; often involves 3rd party

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17
Q

Loco parentis=

A

teachers & school officials may act in place of parents

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18
Q

Emancipated minor=

A

married, parent, armed services, financially independent & away from home, declared emancipated by court decree

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19
Q

Refusal of care for PT=

A

PT has right to refuse care even if it’ll result w/ death BUT for PT to refuse they must be competent

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20
Q

Refusal of care requires=

A

PT must be informed of & fully understand the treatment & potential risks/consequences of refusing treatment and/or transport
PT must sign a liability release form, or if they refuse, attempt to have someone witness the refusal
Document very clearly what you told the PT about the treatment & risks of refusing care/transport

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21
Q

Advance directives=

A

document that allows a PT to define in advance what they wishes in case of becoming incapacitated due to medical issues or sever injury
EX= DNR→ doesnt mean dont treat

22
Q

negligence=

A

act or omission (failure to act) by a medical professional the deviates from the accepted medical standard of care

23
Q

4 elements needed for negligence=

A

Duty to act, breach of duty, damages, Causation

24
Q

2 types of liability=

A

Criminal & Cival

25
Q

Criminal liability=

A

gov/ brings charges against emergency care provider & may result in fines and/or imprisonment

26
Q

Civil Liability=

A

part who claims injury (plaintiff), files lawsuit→ injury is a result of wrongdoing (tort) → lawsuit seeks monetary damage compensation

27
Q

EMS Abandonment=

A

occurs when you stop treatment of a PT w/o properly transferring care (you must transfer care w/ a report to a health care provider that’s accepting PT)

28
Q

Assault=

A

WILLFUL threat to inflict harm on PT & can occur w/o touching PT

29
Q

Battery=

A

Unlawful touching of PT w/o consent

30
Q

False imprisonment=

A

intentionally transporting a competent PT w/o consent & failure to allow competent PT to withdraw from treatment when they desire so

31
Q

Defamation=

A

communicating info/ to others that is damaging to a person’s character, Rep/, or standing within a community

32
Q

confidentialality=

A

PT gives you info/ out of trust w/ expectation that it’ll not be divulged to others
Protect PT’s right to privacy
Info/ only released if the PT has authorized to do so in writing

33
Q

Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act (HIPAA) 1996=

A

gives PTs more control over their health care information & limits ways that info is stored & shared
Authorization not required for you to pass on PT information to other healthcare providers

34
Q

reportable events in all 50 states=

A

in all 50 states mandated reportable events are: Child/Elder abuse, Crimes, Exposure to infectious diseases

35
Q

recognizing death in the feild=

A

generally if PT is still warm & does not exhibit any obvious signs of death, begin resuscitation
There is an exception for PTs w/ hypothermia
PTs w/ no advance directive: Decapitation, Rigor mortis (face 1st, 4 hours, 48-60 hours), Decomposition(putrefaction) 5 stages, Dependent Lividity

36
Q

Medical Examiner Cases:

A

Homocide or suicide
Crash-related death
Poisoning, known or suspected
Unusual scene characteristics
Infant/Child deaths

37
Q

Crime scenes:

A

1st concern= personal safety
Recognizing possible crime scene requires high index of suspicion
Take 1 way in & out

38
Q

Baby safe-Haven laws=

A

designed to prevent child abandonment
Allow a parent to relinquish custody of an unharmed infant to a proper authority w/ no questions asked→ an EMS station may have one

39
Q

Goal of research=

A

help future PTs by gaining knowledge about specific intervention (get PTs expressed consent)

40
Q

Autonomy=

A

Duty to respect a PT’s right to self governance/determination

41
Q

Beneficence=

A

Duty to maximize benefits & enhance PT’s well-being

42
Q

Nonmaleficence

A

Duty to avoid causing harm & minimize harm to PT

43
Q

Justice

A

Duty to treat PTs fairly & equitably

44
Q

benevolence=

A

desire to do good (usually the main reason people become EMS practitioners)

45
Q

hospitals / universities set up institutional review boards (IRBs)=

A

groups serve to protect the rights of subjects participating in research projects. Hospitals throughout the world have had ethics committees for many years to assist in clarifying PTs’ desires & to weigh competing interests in ethically challenging situations.

46
Q

Impartiality test=

A

Asks whether you’ d be willing to undergo this procedure/ action if you were in the PT’s place. This is really a version of the Golden Rule

47
Q

Universalizability test=

A

Asks whether you would want this action performed in all relevantly similar circumstances, which helps to avoid shortsightedness.

48
Q

Interpersonal justifiability test=

A

Asks whether you can defend or justify your actions to others. It helps to ensure that an action is appropriate by asking the practitioner to consider whether other people would think the action reasonable.

49
Q

Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) may require PTs to use specific contracted facilities

A

EMS practitioners must prioritize the patient’s best interest, even if it conflicts with the HMO’s economic interests.

50
Q

The most common situations involving allocation of scarce resources that paramedics will usually face are those involving:

A

mass causality incidents

51
Q

Which question should guide the paramedic in ethical decision making?

A

“what is in the patient’s best interest”?

52
Q
A

Advance Paramedics (8 decks)

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