Chap 5 The Working Unit Of Life

Question 1

Cell theory

Answer 1

An important unifying principle of biology
First stated in 1838
Three tenets
Cell are fundamental Units-of life

Question 2

Common characteristics of all cell

Answer 2

Plasma cell membrane= the outer boundary that surrounds the cell consisting of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins regulates entry and exit of molecules and ions

Cytoplasm: everything inside the cell except for the nucleus: cytosol: the fluid cytoplasm not contained inside another compartment

Region of dna ( nucleoid in prokaryotes; nucleus in eukaryotes

Ribosome sites of protein synthesis

Question 3

5.1 cells are the fundamental units of life

Answer 3

Cell size is limited by ye surface area to volume ration

The surface area of a cello determines the amount of substance that can enter it and the amount of waste product that can exist

Small cells are better than big ones

Talk about this with diffusion

Question 4

Two type of cell

Answer 4

Prokaryotic ( bacteria and archaea have no membrane enclosed internal compartments

Eukaryotic have membrane enclosed organelles in which different function occur

Question 5

5.2 prokaryotic cells are the simplest cell

Answer 5

Most prokaryotes have a rigid cell wall

Some bacteria have an additional outer membrane

Some bacteria have a slimy capsule of polysaccharide

Some prokaryotes swim using flagella

Question 6

5.3 eukaryotic cells contain organelle

Answer 6

Eukaryotic cells are about 10 times larger than prokaryotes

They have membrane enclosed organelles that carry out specific functions similar in all

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Ribosomes sites of protein synthesis

Have similar. Structure in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Consists of ribosomal rna and 50 different protein molecules

Made up of proteins

Question 8

Nucleus

Answer 8

Nucleus usually the largest organelle

Contains most of the cells dna
Site of dna replication

Question 9

Endomembrane system

Answer 9

Interconnected system of membrane enclosed proteins

Question 10

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

Network of membrane In the cytoplasm large surface area

Rough endoplasmic ribosomes are attached

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum no ribosomes

Question 11

Golgi apparatus

Answer 11

Flattened sacs and small vesicles

Receive proteins from the RER

Concentrate, packages, sorts of proteins

Question 12

Lysosomes

Answer 12

Contain digestive enzymes

Question 13

Primary lysosomes

Answer 13

Originate from the Golgi apparatus

Question 14

Mitochondria

Answer 14

Energy in fuel molecules such as glucose e transformed to the bonds of energy rich atp

Question 15

Plastids

Answer 15

Occur only in plants

Question 16

Chloroplast

Answer 16

Chloro= green site of photosynthesis have double membrane

Question 17

Chromoplats

Answer 17

Contain red.orange, and yellow pigments and gives color to flowers

Question 18

Leucoplasts

Answer 18

Store starches and fats

Question 19

Cytoskeleton

Answer 19

Support and maintains cell shapes

Holds organelles in position

Moves organelles