Chap 3 Proteins, Carbs, And Lipids

Question 1

Mono macromolecules

Answer 1

Amino acid
Monosaccharide
Nucleic tide

Question 2

Polymer macromolecule

Answer 2

Protein
Carbs
Nucleic acid

Question 3

What characteristics of carbon ?

Answer 3

Four valence electrons
bond with a wide variety of other elements and function groups
Bonds are strong and stable

Question 4

Carbon skeleton

Answer 4

Carbon chain it’s the backbone,
basic shape ,
framework

Question 5

Functional group definition

Answer 5

Specific combinations of bonded atoms,

Question 6

Functional group personality l

Answer 6

A molecule that shows characteristics set of physical and chemical properties regardless of the molecule of which is a part

• the components of organic macromolecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions, they are the part of the molecule ( determine how reactive and where reactions occur)

Question 7

The importance of functional groups

Answer 7

Each function group gives different and specific chemical properties to local site
( localized area will have their own personality)

Question 8

Importance of functional group pt 2

Answer 8

Determine physical shapes
Type and strength of interaction
Determine nomenclature

Question 9

Condensation

Answer 9

Produces water and consume energy

Question 10

Hydrolysis

Answer 10

Hydrolysis takes water to break things down and energy is released

Question 11

Protein and their functions

Answer 11

Enzymes = speeds up chemical reactions
Structural proteins= provides physical stability and movement
Signaling proteins= control physiological process

Question 12

Proteins

Answer 12

Proteins are made from 20 amino acids

Question 13

Amino acid

Answer 13

Amino acid bonds Together covalently in a condescending reaction by peptide linkages

Question 14

Bond linkage

Answer 14

Bonds linkages either will be bond or linkage

Question 15

Primary structure

Answer 15

Primary structure of a protein is a sequence of amino acids. This sequence determines the proteins final shape

Question 16

Primary structure

Answer 16

Forms a a variety of loops, coils, and folded sheets

Question 17

1st structure of peptides

Answer 17

First structure of protein is held together by covalent bond

Question 18

Protein altered

Answer 18

Proteins can be altered by the ph,
High temp
High condensation
Non polar substance

( when bond is broken protein form is altered

Question 19

Protein bind

Answer 19

The biding depends on two general protein properties
Shape
Chemistry of exposed surface

Question 20

Protein shape

Answer 20

Protein shape can be altered as results of interaction with other molecules
And covalently modification

Question 21

Protein bind

Answer 21

Protein can bind to the wrong molecule

Question 22

Carbs

Answer 22

Formula c 1h2o1)n

Question 23

Four major biochemical roles

Answer 23

Sources of stored energy
Used to transport stored energy
Serves as carbon skeletons to be arranged to form new molecules
Structure support

Question 24

Carbs sugar names

Answer 24

Monosaccharides = one simple sugar
Disaccharides = two simple sugar
Polysaccharide = up to thousands of monosaccharides

(Most names for sugars end I ose

Question 25

Polysaccharide

Answer 25

Macromolecule, polymers some are branched Starch stored energy for plants Glycogen energy for animal Cellulose very stable so good for structural components

Question 26

Carbs

Answer 26

Carbs cam be modified by the addition of functional groups to form Sugar phosphate ( frees energy from glucose) Amino sugar ( components of cartilages) Chitin ( external skeleton of insects)

Question 27

3.4 lipids

Answer 27

Lipids not polymer Made up from glycerol and three fatty acid

Question 28

Types of lipids

Answer 28

Fats and oils Phospholipid Carotenoids Steroids Animal fat Lipid covering around nerve Oil and wax on skin

Question 29

Definition of functional group

Answer 29

A specific combination of bonded atoms within a molecule

Question 30

How do membrane allow for function of cell ?

Answer 30

Transport nutrients into the cell and also to transport toxic substances out of the cell

Question 31

How does ph and temperature affect group function

Answer 31

If ph and temp altered then functional group will not do their job probably because thei not functioning at their optimal reaction rate

Question 32

How does aa sequence and functional group affect the structure of a protein

Answer 32

The amino acid sequence and functional group affect the structure of a protein if it is the primary structure. The primary structure of a protein causes the secondary, and tertiary structure to change as well. This changes the structure and function