chap 4.6 Flashcards
Emit visible light as a result of heating;
INCANDESCENT LAMPS
Incandescent lamp is also known as “__________” by the lay consumer.
Light Bulb
In _______, ______________ introduced a commercially successful lamp and the basic
design of incandescent lamp remained unchanged.
1890s, Thomas Edison
The hotter the filament, the more efficient the lamp is in converting electricity into light
and the whiter the light (t or f)
T
colder operation, reduce lamp life, as a result incandescent lamp of the same wattage
can have different output and rated lives (t or f)
F
Incandescent Filaments can reach temperatures
between ______ and ______°F
4600 and 6000°F
electromagnetic radiation from filament
includes a significant amount of visible light,
mainly in ___, ________, and ______
wavelengths
red, orange, and yellow
Familiar threaded base found with ordinary lamp up to 300 W.
Medium Base
Smaller threaded base used in ornamental lighting such as chandeliers.
Candelabra Base
Larger threaded base found on lamps that are 300 W or greater.
Mogul Base
Used in applications where the difficulty or cost of changing lamps is
prohibitive.
Long-life lamps
Special version of standard lamps that are helpful for rough or vibration
service.
Rough service lamps
Not unbreakable but they break less frequently and when they break,
the shattered glass contained within the plastic coating.
Plastic-coated lamps
Used in decorative and accent lighting applications that require good
control or highlighting.
Low-voltage lamps
Frequently called halogen lamps, a smaller, brighter, and more
expensive version. Of incandescent lamp.
TUNGSTEN-HALOGEN LAMPS
TUNGSTEN-HALOGEN LAMPS Contain high-pressure halogen gases such as _______ or ________
iodine or bromine
Generate intense heat and require adequate clearance and good ventilation for heat
dissipation.
TUNGSTEN-HALOGEN LAMPS
tungsten-halogen lamps cannot be touched by hand without depositing residual skin oils that substantially
reduce the life of the quartz glass bulb. (t or F)
t
It produces continuous light by passing electricity through a gas contained within the
lamp.
GASEOUS DISCHARGE LAMPS
GASEOUS DISCHARGE LAMPS Produce ________ radiation that causes a phosphor coating on the inside of
the lamp to glow.
ultraviolet
An additional device that is required in all gaseous discharge lamps.
Ballast
A voltage transformer and current-limiting device designed to start properly control the
flow of power to discharge light sources such as fluorescent and HID lamps.
ballast
type of ballast that has Increase and control voltage, heavy noise.
Magnetic or Iron Ballasts
type of ballast that Use solid-state electronic components, less noise and capable of
dimming lamp (lumen) output.
Electronic Ballasts
type of ballast that is Extremely annoying in quite spaces.
Ballast noise
Is calculated by dividing the lumen output of a lamp ballast combination by the
lumen output of the same lamp on a reference ballast.
Ballast factor (BF)
Is composed of a tubular glass bulb that is covered with a thin phosphor coating on its
inside surface.
FLUORESCENT LAMPS
________ are filament-like coils at the end(s) of the bulb that act as terminals for the
electric circuit.
Cathodes
Are commercially available fluorescent lamp in straight, Ushaped of circular tubes in a variety of
sizes, wattages, voltages, colors, and types of base.
Linear fluorescent lamps (LFL)
Offer higher light (lumen) output in comparison to standard output fluorescent
lamp.
High Output (HO) and Very High Output (VHO) Fluorescent Lamp
Used in re-lamping applications where improved light levels are required such
as warehouse, factories, and school gymnasiums.
High Output (HO) and Very High Output (VHO) Fluorescent Lamp
Are miniaturized fluorescent lamps.
Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL)
Manufactured with integral ballast and a standard screw
base that can be installed in a standard light fixture in place
of incandescent lamps.
Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL)
Fluorescent lamps are available in wattages of between __ to ___ W and lengths of __
to __ inches
20 to 125W /
6 to 96 inches
The ________ blend in a fluorescent lamp determines the color temperature and color
rendering of the light emitted by the lamp.
phosphor
_____ phosphors are the most popular, least expensive, and lowest quality phosphors.
Halo
All fluorescent lamps are designed to operate at a specific air temperature, usually a
surrounding air temperature of F (25°C). (t or f)
t
Is the ratio of light (the luminous flux, in lumens) emitted by a fluorescent
luminaire to the electrical energy consumed, including the ballast
Luminaire Efficacy Rating (LER)
It rates the effectiveness of like luminaires in a manner similar to the EPA
miles/gallon rating for automobiles. It is a good measure of the efficiency of
similar fluorescent luminaires.
Luminaire Efficacy Rating (LER)
Also called as HID lamps, Produce a very bright light by discharging an arc
HIGH INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMPS
HID lamps’ gas is under lower pressure compared to fluorescent lamps. (t or F)
f (higher pressure)
Common Types of HID Lamps:
- Mercury Vapor (WV) Lamps
- Metal Halide (WH) Lamps
- High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) Lamps
- Low-Pressure Sodium (LPS) Lamps
______________ lamps are the first commercially
available HID lamps.
Mercury Vapor Lamps
High pressure MV lamps. Without color
correction produce a _______ light
directly from their discharge arc.
blue-white
are constructed similar to MV lamps except that it has various metal
halides added to mercury and argon in the glass fill
Metal Halide Lamps
These produce high levels of UV radiation that must be shielded by glass in the
lamp or fixture.
Metal Halide Lamps
in MH lamps. No phosphor is needed to produce a cool white color, but some may be added
to improve rendering of oranges and reds. (t or f)
t
_______ lamps contain an internal arc tube made of a translucent ceramic material
rather than quartz glass because of the high temperature (2350 °F/1300 °C)
High-Pressure Sodium Lamps
These lamps are constructed of a large sodiumresistant glass tube containing
sodium and a neon argon gas mixture.
Low-Pressure Sodium Lamps
these lamps Combine the luminous efficiency of an HID lamp with the good
color rendering capability of an incandescent lamp.
BLENDED LAMPS
refers to a type of lighting that uses light-emitting
diodes (LEDs), organic light-emitting diode lights
(OLEDs), or polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs)
SOLID-STATE LIGHTING
Semiconductor that consists of a chip of semiconducting
material treated to create a structure with two electron-
charged electrons.
Light-Emitting Diodes
The specific wavelength or color emitted by an LED
does not depends on the materials used to make the diode. (t or f)
f (depends on the material)
are based on aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs)
Red LED’s
are from indium gallium phosphide (InGan)
Blue LED’s
are from aluminum gallium phosphide (AlGap)
Green LED’s
Fluorescent and HID lamps have some mercury content. (t or f)
t
