Chap 4--Sleep, Dreaming, Circadian Rhythm 4.1-2 Flashcards
Consciousness
Feelings, thoughts, and aroused states in which we are aware
Microsleep
A brief episode of sleep that occurs in the midst of a wakeful activity
Circadian Rhythm
Changes in bodily processes that occur repeatedly on approximately a 24-25 hour cycle
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
A group of brain cells located in the hypothalamus that signal other brain areas when to be aroused and when to shut down
Meletonin
A hormone that facilitates sleep
Non-REM Sleep
The relaxing state of sleep in which the person’s eyes do not move
REM Sleep
The active state of sleep in which the person’s eyes move
REM Behavior Disorder
A condition in which normal muscle paralysis does not occur, leading to violent movements during REM sleep
REM Rebound
The loss of REM sleep is recouped by spending more time in REM sleep on subsequent nights
Manifest Content
According to Freud, what the dreamer recalls upon waking
Latent Content
According to Freud, the symbolic meaning of dreams
Threat Simulation Theory (TST)
Suggests that dreaming is an ancient biological defense mechanism that allows us to repeatedly simulate potentially threatening situations so that we can rehearse our responses to these events
Activation-Synthesis Theory
Suggests that dreams do not have symbolic meaning but are the by-products of the brain’s random firing of neural impulses during REM sleep
Sleep Disorder
A disturbance in the normal pattern of sleeping
Insomnia
A sleep disorder in which a person cannot get to sleep and/or stay asleep
Narcolepsy
A rare sleep disorder in which a person falls asleep during alert times of the day
Sleep Apnea
A sleep disorder in which a person stops breathing during sleep
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)
A neurological movement disorder occurring primarily at night in which a person has unpleasant sensations in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them to relieve the pain
Sleepwalking
A sleep disorder in which a person is mobile and may perform actions during non-REM slow-wave sleep
Night Terrors
Very frightening non-REM sleep episodes that are not typically remembered
Nightmare
A brief scary REM dream that is often remembered
Enuresis
A condition in which a person over the age of 5 shows an inability to control urination during sleep
Hypnosis
A state of heightened suggestibility
Neodissociation
Hilgard’s proposal that hypnosis involves two simultaneous states: a hypnotic state and a hidden observer
