chap 4 (athena's part)

Question 1

the belief that _____ should be a guiding principle in international politics marked a transformation of attitudes and values.

Answer 1

self-determination

Question 2

The _________ trend was a crucial
development in the 20th century, but it was
frequently offset by local circumstances (such
as tribal divisions and struggles with new
leadership.)

Answer 2

global decolonization

Question 3

after second world war, who was the world’s leading communist power?

Answer 3

soviet union

Question 4

who installed communist government across europe as a buffer zone against the west?

Answer 4

Joseph Stalin

Question 5

who said, “an iron curtain has descended across the continent”

Answer 5

Winston Churchill, British prime minister

Question 6

who was the world leading capitalist power post-war and had sole control over the most powerful weapon known to humanity: atomic bomb?

Answer 6

United States

Question 7

With the desire to stop Soviet expansionism,
the US announced the _______ which
sent economic and military aid to Greece and
Turkey.

Answer 7

Truman doctrine

Question 8

This move showed that America
would support those threatened by Soviet
subversion or expansion.

Answer 8

The Truman Doctrine

Question 9

it aimed at
‘containing’ the Soviet Union, and this policy
of “containment” would become the basis of
American Cold War strategy for years to
come.

Answer 9

The Truman Doctrine

Question 10

Fearing the spread of communism in Europe,
the US also introduced the _______
which provided around $13 billion dollars for
European economic recovery, encouraging
integration and the promotion of free markets.

Answer 10

Marshall Plan

Question 11

______
was one of the most prominent symbols of the
newly divided world, having been split in half
after the war.

Answer 11

Germany

Question 12

In response to Soviet expansion and
influence, ______was created in 1949.

Answer 12

NATO (or the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization)

Question 13

After Stalin’s death in 1953, _________
became leader, soon creating the Warsaw
Pact to counter the growing power of NATO.

Answer 13

Nikita Khrushchev

Question 14

_______refused to vacate Berlin, so
Khrushchev authorized the building of the
Berlin Wall which created a physical and
guarded concrete barrier between East and
West Berlin.

Answer 14

John F. Kennedy

Question 15

who replaced Khrushev?

Answer 15

Leonid Brezhnev

Question 16

the agreement signed which would freeze the existing
number of intercontinental ballistic missiles
on both sides (US and Soviets)

Answer 16

SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)

Question 17

a french term for the easing of tensions between two nations (US and Soviets)

Answer 17

detente

Question 18

the world’s first artificial satellite, in
October 1957.

Answer 18

Sputnik I

Question 19

the US established this in 1958 in response to Soviets successful launches of sputnik I, II, III

Answer 19

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)

Question 20

first man in space, on the spacecraft vostok I

Answer 20

Yuri Gagarin

Question 21

the first man to
walk on the moon.

Answer 21

Neil Armstrong

Question 22

sought to explore space-based defenses against ballistic missiles

Answer 22

Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)

Question 23

he became soviet’s leader in 1985

Answer 23

Mikhail Gorbachev

Question 24

a treaty banning intermediate-range missiles

Answer 24

Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty

Question 25

on ______ the most symbolic
monument of the Cold War, which was the
Berlin Wall, came down, and Germany was
reunited a year later.

Answer 25

November 9,1989

Question 26

The Soviet Union
collapsed in _____, dissolving into 15
independent states.

Answer 26

1991