chap 4 (athena's part) Flashcards
the belief that _____ should be a guiding principle in international politics marked a transformation of attitudes and values.
self-determination
The _________ trend was a crucial
development in the 20th century, but it was
frequently offset by local circumstances (such
as tribal divisions and struggles with new
leadership.)
global decolonization
after second world war, who was the world’s leading communist power?
soviet union
who installed communist government across europe as a buffer zone against the west?
Joseph Stalin
who said, “an iron curtain has descended across the continent”
Winston Churchill, British prime minister
who was the world leading capitalist power post-war and had sole control over the most powerful weapon known to humanity: atomic bomb?
United States
With the desire to stop Soviet expansionism,
the US announced the _______ which
sent economic and military aid to Greece and
Turkey.
Truman doctrine
This move showed that America
would support those threatened by Soviet
subversion or expansion.
The Truman Doctrine
it aimed at
‘containing’ the Soviet Union, and this policy
of “containment” would become the basis of
American Cold War strategy for years to
come.
The Truman Doctrine
Fearing the spread of communism in Europe,
the US also introduced the _______
which provided around $13 billion dollars for
European economic recovery, encouraging
integration and the promotion of free markets.
Marshall Plan
______
was one of the most prominent symbols of the
newly divided world, having been split in half
after the war.
Germany
In response to Soviet expansion and
influence, ______was created in 1949.
NATO (or the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization)
After Stalin’s death in 1953, _________
became leader, soon creating the Warsaw
Pact to counter the growing power of NATO.
Nikita Khrushchev
_______refused to vacate Berlin, so
Khrushchev authorized the building of the
Berlin Wall which created a physical and
guarded concrete barrier between East and
West Berlin.
John F. Kennedy
who replaced Khrushev?
Leonid Brezhnev
the agreement signed which would freeze the existing
number of intercontinental ballistic missiles
on both sides (US and Soviets)
SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)
a french term for the easing of tensions between two nations (US and Soviets)
detente
the world’s first artificial satellite, in
October 1957.
Sputnik I
the US established this in 1958 in response to Soviets successful launches of sputnik I, II, III
NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
first man in space, on the spacecraft vostok I
Yuri Gagarin
the first man to
walk on the moon.
Neil Armstrong
sought to explore space-based defenses against ballistic missiles
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
he became soviet’s leader in 1985
Mikhail Gorbachev
a treaty banning intermediate-range missiles
Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty
on ______ the most symbolic
monument of the Cold War, which was the
Berlin Wall, came down, and Germany was
reunited a year later.
November 9,1989
The Soviet Union
collapsed in _____, dissolving into 15
independent states.
1991
