Chap 4 Flashcards
New kingdom
1570-1075 b. C. Egyptian era after Hyksos were thrown Egypt. Third period of glory
Hatshepsut
1472- female Pharos of the new kingdom focussed on trade rather than war
Sent chariots to the land of punt
Step son was heir but too young
Thutmose III
Hatshepsuts stepson may have murdered her. More warlike.
Invaded palatine and Syria
Nubia
Region of Africa that straddles upper nyle river
Thutmose pushed his armies all the way here- became center of Egyptian trade
Ramses II
Egyptian Pharos ended feuding with Hittites by creating a peace treaty with Hittite King 1290-1224
Kush
Nubian land lasted from 2000 -1000 b. C. Dominated Egypt until decline during the Hyksos period, when kush became a regional power established Kushite dynasty on Egypt throne
Piankhi
Kushite King overthrew Libyan dynasty in 751 B. C. Which has ruled Egypt for 200 years
His descendants became Egypts 25 dynasty
Believed they were better protectors of Egyptian culture than Libyans
Meroë
After the Assyrians defeated kushites in 671 b. C. The Kushite royal family moved here
Active in the trade among Africa, Arabia and India because closer to the Red Sea than napata
Prospered from 250-150a. D.
Assyria
Large empower around 850 b. C. Greatest power in Southeast Asia
Comes from northern Mesopotamia conquered Egypt in 671 b. C. From kushites
Warlike because of constant invasions from the hills
Sennacherib
Violent Assyrian King- bragged about killing numerous cities, including Babylon and burning everyone there.
Nineveh
Capital of Assyria along the Tigris river
Built by King Sennacherib
Walled city 3 miles long and one mile wide
Had library
Ashurbanipal
King of Assyria collected over 20,000 clay tablets for Ninevehs library
One of the last Assyrian kings
Medes and Chaldeans
Combined armies leveled Nineveh in 612 B. C. Chaldeans made Babylon their capital
Nebuchadnezzar
Chaldean King restored Babylon
Cyrus
King of Persia 550 b. C. Military genius
Practiced kindness and tolerance towards conquered people
Cambyses
Cyrus’s son, Persian King, conquered Egypt- did not follow dads example, reigned for 8 years then died
Darius
Reigned over Persia after Cambyses spent first few years repairing damage
Began career as body guard
Set up Royal road and satraps
Satrap
Governor who ruled locally the 20 Persian Provences
Royal road
Ran from Susa, Persia to Sardis, Anatolia (1,677 miles) set up by Darius
Zoroaster
600 b. C. Persian prophet preached about Ahura Mazda- constant battle between good and evil(Zoroastrianism) traces found in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
Confucius
China’s most influential scholar born 551 b. C. - Zhou dynasty was in decline
Believed in five basic relationships would restore China
Filial piety
Respect for parents and ancestors- Confucius believed children should follow
Bureaucracy
A trained civil service or those who run the government- Confucius
Daoism
Philosophy of laozi- search for knowledge and understanding of the physical world drove followers to peruse science
Legalism
Founded by hanfiezi and li si the belief that a powerful government should use the law to keep civil order and restore harmony
I Ching
(The book of changes) book that provided simple answers and common sense by throwing coins
Yin and yang
Two powers that represents the natural power of life
Yin: cold, dark , soft, mysterious
Yang: bright, warm, hard, clear
Qin dynasty replaced Zhou dynasty in third century b. C.
Employed legalisms ideals
Shi huangdi
221 b. C. Assumed his name after 20 years reigning. “First emporer” Qin ruler
Autocracy
Shi huangdi established a government that has unlimited power and uses it in arbitrary manor
Hyksos
Invade Egypt on charities ruled from 1640 1570b. C. Encouraged Hebrew to migrate there. Drove out by powerful Pharos 16000 b. C.
