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CNA > Chap. 4 > Flashcards

Chap. 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

The condition in which all of the body’s systems are working at their best

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2
Q

Metabolism

A

Physical and chemical processes by which substances are broken down or transformed into energy or products for use by the body

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3
Q

Dilate

A

To widen

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4
Q

Constrict

A

To narrow

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5
Q

Atrophy

A

The wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use

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6
Q

Contracture

A

The permanent and often painful shortening of a muscle or tendon, usually due to lack of activity

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7
Q

Inflammation

A

Swelling

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8
Q

Autoimmune illness

A

An illness in which the body’s immune system attacks normal tissue in the body

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9
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

A type of arthritis in which joints become inflamed, red, swollen, and very painful, resulting in restricted movement and possible deformities

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10
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Common type of arthritis that usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs, and spine also called degenerative joint disease

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11
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle, causing them to break easily

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12
Q

Menopause

A

The end of menstruation

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13
Q

Partial weight-bearing (PWB)

A

A person is able to support some body weight on one or both legs

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14
Q

Non-weight-bearing (NWB)

A

A person is unable to touch the floor or support any body weight on one or both legs

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15
Q

Full weight-bearing (FWB)

A

A person has the ability to support full body weight on both legs

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16
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis on one side of the body

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17
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Weakness on one side of the body

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18
Q

Expressive aphasia

A

Trouble communicating thoughts through speech or writing

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19
Q

Receptive aphasia

A

Difficulty understanding spoken or written words

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20
Q

Emotional lability

A

Inappropriate or unprovoked emotional responses

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21
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficultly swallowing

22
Q

Gait

A

Manner of walking

23
Q

Paraplegia

A

Loss of function of the lower body and legs

24
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Loss of function of legs, trunk, and arms

25
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure
130/80 or higher

26
Q

Diuretics

A

Medications that reduce fluid volume in the body

27
Q

Angina

A

Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort

28
Q

Respiration

A

The process of inhaling air into the lungs and exhaling air out of the lungs

29
Q

Inspiration

A

The process of inhaling

30
Q

Expiration

A

The process of exhaling air

31
Q

Dyspnea

A

Trouble breathing

32
Q

Urinary incontinence

A

The inability to control the bladder, which leads to an involuntary loss or urine

33
Q

Digestion

A

The process of preparing food physically and chemically so that it can be absorbed into the cells

34
Q

Absorption

A

The transfer of nutrients from the intestines to the cells

35
Q

Elimination

A

The process of expelling solid wastes that are not absorbed into the cells

36
Q

Fecal incontinence

A

The inability to control the bowels, leading to involuntary passage of stool

37
Q

Constipation

A

The inability to eliminate stool

38
Q

Enema

A

A specific amount of water introduced into the colon to stimulate the elimination of stool

39
Q

Ostomy

A

Surgically created opening from an area inside the body to the outside

40
Q

Stoma

A

An artificial opening in the body

41
Q

Glands

A

Organs that produce and secrete chemicals called hormones

42
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical substances created by the body that control numerous body functions

43
Q

Diabetes

A

A condition in which the pancreas produces too little insulin or does not properly use insulin

44
Q

Insulin

A

A hormone that works to move glucose from the blood and into the cells for energy for the body

45
Q

Glucose

A

Natural sugar

46
Q

Prediabetes

A

Condition that occurs when a person’s blood glucose levels are above normal but are not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes

47
Q

Gestational diabetes

A

Type of diabetes that appears in pregnant women who have never had diabetes before

48
Q

Reproduce

A

To create new human life

49
Q

Gonads

A

Sex glands

50
Q

Tumor

A

Cluster of abnormally growing cells

CNA (7 decks)

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