Chap 3 ( Sec 1 Topic ) Flashcards
What is an element?
It is the basic building block of living and non-living matter.
what consists in a compound?
Two or more elements chemically combined together.
do compounds have the same properties as their constituent elements?
compounds have different properties from the elements they are made out of.
What is a mixture?
it is two or more elements or compounds physically combined together.
How is a compound formed?
a chemical reaction.
How are mixtures formed?
a physical change.
proportions of constituents in compounds
elements that make up a compound are always combined in a fixed proportion in mass.
proportions of constituents in mixtures
not fixed
Do mixtures have the same properties as it’s constituents?
Same properties as the substance as it is made of.
separation of constituents of mixtures are…
easy
separation of constituents of compounds are…
not easy. they cannot be broken down by physical methods/ can only be broken down by chemical processes.
what is a solution?
a mixture containing a solute dissolved in a solvent.
What is a solvent?
the substance that dissolves the solute
What is a solute?
the substance that dissolves in a solvent.
*Factors that affect the rate of dissolving ( how fast )
size of solute particles.
temperature of solvent.
rate of stirring.
what is solubility
it is how well a solute dissolves in a fixed amount of a particular solvent. ( how much )
what is a suspension?
it is a mixture containing insoluble substance in a solvent.
**What is the appearance of a solution?
- particles of the solute cannot be seen
- the solute does not settle to form solid deposits
- light can pass through fully
**What is the appearance of a suspension?
- insoluble substances can be seen
-insoluble deposits can settle to form solid deposits - light cannot pass through fully.
**Does a solute in solutions and suspensions settle to form solid deposits?
insoluble solutes in suspensions settle to form solid deposits
while solute in solutions do not.
how do you know if an element has the same chemical properties as one another.
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties and will undergo the same type of chemical reaction.
*Factors that affect the rate of solubility
- increase temperature
- change type of solvent
- change type of solute
What is an alloy?
list some examples
An alloy is a mixture of elements only.
it is a mixture of a metal and one or more other elements.
eg; brass(copper and zinc), steel(iron and carbon), pewter (tin, copper and silver)
alloys are not chemically combined.
What is a saturated solution?
a solution in which the maximum mass of solute is dissolved in it at a particular temperature.
No more solute can be dissolved in the solvent.
**what affects the rate of solubility?
temperature
type of solute
type of solvent
