Chap 3

Question 1

Polar covalent bond

Answer 1

A covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. The shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electro negative atom, making it slightly negative and the other atom slightly positive.

Question 2

Polar molecule

Answer 2

A molecule (such as water) with an uneven distribution of charges in different regions of the molecule.

Question 3

Cohesion

Answer 3

The linking together of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonds.(water sticking to itself)

Question 4

Surface tension

Answer 4

A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the he surface of a liquid. Water has a high surface tension because of the hydrogen bonding of surface molecules.

Question 5

Adhesion

Answer 5

The clinging of one substance to another,such as water to plant cell walls, in this case by means of hydrogen bonds

Question 6

Kinetic energy

Answer 6

The energy associated with the relative motion of objects. Moving matter can perform work by imparting motion to other matter.

Question 7

Thermal energy

Answer 7

Kinetic energy due to the random motion of atoms and molecules; energy in its most random form.

Question 8

Temperature

Answer 8

A measure in degrees of the average kinetic energy (thermal energy) of the atoms and molecules in a body of matter.

Question 9

Buffer

Answer 9

A solution that contains a weak acid and it’s corresponding base. A buffer minimizes changes in pH when acids or bases are added to the solution.

Question 10

Base

Answer 10

A substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution