Chap 24 Textbook Questions Flashcards
A monosaccharide is formed from a polysaccharide in what kind of reaction? a. oxidation–reduction reaction b. anabolic reaction c. catabolic reaction d. biosynthetic reaction
c. catabolic reaction
If anabolic reactions exceed catabolic reactions, the result will be \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. weight loss b. weight gain c. metabolic rate change d. development of disease
b. weight gain
When NAD becomes NADH, the coenzyme has been \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. reduced b. oxidized c. metabolized d. hydrolyzed
D. Hydrolyzed
Anabolic reactions use energy by ________.
a. turning ADP into ATP
b. removing a phosphate group from ATP
c. producing heat
d. breaking down molecules into smaller parts
b. removing a phosphate group from ATP
Glycolysis results in the production of two ________
molecules from a single molecule of glucose. In the
absence of ________, the end product of glycolysis is
________.
a. acetyl CoA, pyruvate, lactate
b. ATP, carbon, pyruvate
c. pyruvate, oxygen, lactate
d. pyruvate, carbon, acetyl CoA
c. pyruvate, oxygen, lactate
. The Krebs cycle converts ________ through a cycle of
reactions. In the process, ATP, ________, and ________ are
produced.
a. acetyl CoA; FAD, NAD
b. acetyl CoA; FADH2; NADH
c. pyruvate; NAD; FADH2
d. pyruvate; oxygen; oxaloacetate
b. acetyl CoA; FADH2; NADH
Which pathway produces the most ATP molecules?
a. lactic acid fermentation
b. the Krebs cycle
c. the electron transport chain
d. glycolysis
c. the electron transport chain
Aerobic cellular respiration results in the production of these two products. a. NADH and FADH2 b. ATP and pyruvate c. ATP and glucose d. ATP and H2O
d. ATP and H2O
When NAD+ becomes NADH, the coenzyme has been \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. reduced b. oxidized c. metabolized d. hydrolyzed
a. reduced
Lipids in the diet can be ________.
a. broken down into energy for the body
b. stored as triglycerides for later use
c. converted into acetyl CoA
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
The gallbladder provides ________ that aid(s) in
transport of lipids across the intestinal membrane.
a. lipases
b. cholesterol
c. proteins
d. bile salts
d. bile salts
Triglycerides are transported by chylomicrons because ________.
A. they cannot move easily in the blood stream because they are fat based, while the blood is water based
B. they are too small to move by themselves
C. the chylomicrons contain enzymes they need for anabolism
D. they cannot fit across the intestinal membrane
A. they cannot move easily in the blood stream because they are fat based, while the blood is water based
Which molecule produces the most ATP?
a. carbohydrates
b. FADH2
c. triglycerides
d. NADH
c. triglycerides
Which molecules can enter the Krebs cycle?
a. chylomicrons
b. acetyl CoA
c. monoglycerides
d. ketone bodies
b. acetyl CoA
Acetyl CoA can be converted to all of the following except \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. ketone bodies b. fatty acids c. polysaccharides d. triglycerides
c. polysaccharides
Digestion of proteins begins in the ________ where
________ and ________ mix with food to break down
protein into ________.
a. stomach; amylase; HCl; amino acids
b. mouth; pepsin; HCl; fatty acids
c. stomach; lipase; HCl; amino acids
d. stomach; pepsin; HCl; amino acids
d. stomach; pepsin; HCl; amino acids
Amino acids are needed to ________.
a. build new proteins
b. serve as fat stores
c. supply energy for the cell
d. create red blood cells
a. build new proteins
If an amino acid is not used to create new proteins, it can be \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. converted to acetyl CoA b. converted to glucose or ketones c. converted to nitrogen d. stored to be used later
b. converted to glucose or ketones
During the absorptive state, glucose levels are
________, insulin levels are ________, and glucagon levels
________.
a. high; low; stay the same
b. low; low; stay the same
c. high; high; are high
d. high; high; are low
d. high; high; are low
Starvation sets in after 3 to 4 days without food. Which
hormones change in response to low glucose levels?
a. glucagon and insulin
b. ketones and glucagon
c. insulin, glucose, and glucagon
d. insulin and ketones
a. glucagon and insulin
The postabsorptive state relies on stores of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. insulin; pancreas b. glucagon; pancreas c. glycogen; liver d. glucose; liver
c. glycogen; liver
. The body’s temperature is controlled by the ________.
This temperature is always kept between ________.
a. pituitary; 36.5–37.5 °C
b. hypothalamus; 97.7–99.5 °F
c. hypothalamus; 36.5–37.5 °F
d. pituitary; 97.7–99.5 °F
b. hypothalamus; 97.7–99.5 °F
Fever increases the body temperature and can induce
chills to help cool the temperature back down. What other
mechanisms are in place to regulate the body temperature?
a. shivering
b. sweating
c. erection of the hairs on the arms and legs
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
The heat you feel on your chair when you stand up was transferred from your skin via \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. conduction b. convection c. radiation d. evaporation
a. conduction
A crowded room warms up through the mechanism of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. conduction b. convection c. radiation d. evaporation
c. radiation
A deficiency in vitamin A can result in ________.
a. improper bone development
b. scurvy
c. improper eye development or sight
d. all of the above
c. improper eye development or sight
Rickets results in improper bone development in
children that arises from the malabsorption of calcium and
a deficiency in ________.
a. vitamin D
b. vitamin C
c. vitamin B12
d. niacin
a. vitamin D
Consuming which type of food will help the most with weight loss? a. fats b. vegetables c. lean meats d. fruits
c. lean meats
Which of the following is stored in the body?
a. thiamine
b. phosphorous
c. folic acid
d. vitamin C
b. phosphorous
