Chap 23 Textbook Questions Flashcards
Which of these organs is not considered an accessory digestive structure? a. mouth b. salivary glands c. pancreas d. liver
A. Mouth
Which of the following organs is supported by a layer of adventitia rather than serosa? a. esophagus b. stomach c. small intestine d. large intestine
A. Espophagus
Which of the following membranes covers the stomach? a. falciform ligament b. mesocolon c. parietal peritoneum d. visceral peritoneum
D. Visceral Peritoneum
Which of these processes occurs in the mouth?
a. ingestion
b. mechanical digestion
c. chemical digestion
d. all of the above
D. all of the above
Which of these processes occurs throughout most of the alimentary canal? a. ingestion b. propulsion c. segmentation d. absorption
B. Propulsion
Which of the following stimuli activates sensors in the walls of digestive organs? a. breakdown products of digestion b. distension c. pH of chyme d. all of the above
D. All of the above
Which of these statements about reflexes in the GI tract
is false?
a. Short reflexes are provoked by nerves near the GI
tract.
b. Short reflexes are mediated by the enteric
nervous system.
c. Food that distends the stomach initiates long
reflexes.
d. Long reflexes can be provoked by stimuli
originating outside the GI tract
a. Short reflexes are provoked by nerves near the GI
tract.
Which of these ingredients in saliva is responsible for activating salivary amylase? a. mucus b. phosphate ions c. chloride ions d. urea
c. chloride ions
Which of these statements about the pharynx is true?
a. It extends from the nasal and oral cavities
superiorly to the esophagus anteriorly.
b. The oropharynx is continuous superiorly with the
nasopharynx.
c. The nasopharynx is involved in digestion.
d. The laryngopharynx is composed partially of
cartilage.
b. The oropharynx is continuous superiorly with the
nasopharynx.
Which structure is located where the esophagus penetrates the diaphragm? a. esophageal hiatus b. cardiac orifice c. upper esophageal sphincter d. lower esophageal sphincter
a. esophageal hiatus
Which phase of deglutition involves contraction of the
longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis?
a. voluntary phase
b. buccal phase
c. pharyngeal phase
d. esophageal phase
d. esophageal phase
Which of these cells secrete hormones?
a. parietal cells
b. mucous neck cells
c. enteroendocrine cells
d. chief cells
c. enteroendocrine cells
Where does the majority of chemical digestion in the stomach occur? a. fundus and body b. cardia and fundus c. body and pylorus d. body
a. fundus and body
During gastric emptying, chyme is released into the duodenum through the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. a. esophageal hiatus b. pyloric antrum c. pyloric canal d. pyloric sphincter
d. pyloric sphincter
Parietal cells secrete ________.
a. gastrin
b. hydrochloric acid
c. pepsin
d. pepsinogen
b. hydrochloric acid
In which part of the alimentary canal does most digestion occur? a. stomach b. proximal small intestine c. distal small intestine d. ascending colon
b. proximal small intestine
Which of these is most associated with villi?
a. haustra
b. lacteals
c. bacterial flora
d. intestinal glands
b. lacteals
What is the role of the small intestine’s MALT? a. secreting mucus b. buffering acidic chyme c. activating pepsin d. preventing bacteria from entering the bloodstream
d. preventing bacteria from entering the
bloodstream
Which part of the large intestine attaches to the appendix? a. cecum b. ascending colon c. transverse colon d. descending colon
a. cecum
Which of these statements about bile is true?
a. About 500 mL is secreted daily.
b. Its main function is the denaturation of proteins.
c. It is synthesized in the gallbladder.
d. Bile salts are recycled
d. Bile salts are recycled
Pancreatic juice ________.
a. deactivates bile.
b. is secreted by pancreatic islet cells.
c. buffers chyme.
d. is released into the cystic duct
c. buffers chyme.
Where does the chemical digestion of starch begin?
a. mouth
b. esophagus
c. stomach
d. small intestine
a. mouth
Which of these is involved in the chemical digestion of protein? a. pancreatic amylase b. trypsin c. sucrase d. pancreatic nuclease
b. trypsin
Where are most fat-digesting enzymes produced?
a. small intestine
b. gallbladder
c. liver
d. pancreas
d. pancreas
Which of these nutrients is absorbed mainly in the duodenum? a. glucose b. iron c. sodium d. water
b. iron
