Chap 23 Textbook Questions

Question 1

Which of these organs is not considered an accessory
digestive structure?
a. mouth
b. salivary glands
c. pancreas
d. liver

Answer 1

A. Mouth

Question 2

Which of the following organs is supported by a layer of
adventitia rather than serosa?
a. esophagus
b. stomach
c. small intestine
d. large intestine

Answer 2

A. Espophagus

Question 3

Which of the following membranes covers the
stomach?
a. falciform ligament
b. mesocolon
c. parietal peritoneum
d. visceral peritoneum

Answer 3

D. Visceral Peritoneum

Question 4

Which of these processes occurs in the mouth?

a. ingestion
b. mechanical digestion
c. chemical digestion
d. all of the above

Answer 4

D. all of the above

Question 5

Which of these processes occurs throughout most of the
alimentary canal?
a. ingestion
b. propulsion
c. segmentation
d. absorption

Answer 5

B. Propulsion

Question 6

Which of the following stimuli activates sensors in the
walls of digestive organs?
a. breakdown products of digestion
b. distension
c. pH of chyme
d. all of the above

Answer 6

D. All of the above

Question 7

Which of these statements about reflexes in the GI tract
is false?
a. Short reflexes are provoked by nerves near the GI
tract.
b. Short reflexes are mediated by the enteric
nervous system.
c. Food that distends the stomach initiates long
reflexes.
d. Long reflexes can be provoked by stimuli
originating outside the GI tract

Answer 7

a. Short reflexes are provoked by nerves near the GI

tract.

Question 8

Which of these ingredients in saliva is responsible for
activating salivary amylase?
a. mucus
b. phosphate ions
c. chloride ions
d. urea

Answer 8

c. chloride ions

Question 9

Which of these statements about the pharynx is true?
a. It extends from the nasal and oral cavities
superiorly to the esophagus anteriorly.
b. The oropharynx is continuous superiorly with the
nasopharynx.
c. The nasopharynx is involved in digestion.
d. The laryngopharynx is composed partially of
cartilage.

Answer 9

b. The oropharynx is continuous superiorly with the

nasopharynx.

Question 10

Which structure is located where the esophagus
penetrates the diaphragm?
a. esophageal hiatus
b. cardiac orifice
c. upper esophageal sphincter
d. lower esophageal sphincter

Answer 10

a. esophageal hiatus

Question 11

Which phase of deglutition involves contraction of the
longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis?
a. voluntary phase
b. buccal phase
c. pharyngeal phase
d. esophageal phase

Answer 11

d. esophageal phase

Question 12

Which of these cells secrete hormones?

a. parietal cells
b. mucous neck cells
c. enteroendocrine cells
d. chief cells

Answer 12

c. enteroendocrine cells

Question 13

Where does the majority of chemical digestion in the
stomach occur?
a. fundus and body
b. cardia and fundus
c. body and pylorus
d. body

Answer 13

a. fundus and body

Question 14

During gastric emptying, chyme is released into the
duodenum through the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
a. esophageal hiatus
b. pyloric antrum
c. pyloric canal
d. pyloric sphincter

Answer 14

d. pyloric sphincter

Question 15

Parietal cells secrete ________.

a. gastrin
b. hydrochloric acid
c. pepsin
d. pepsinogen

Answer 15

b. hydrochloric acid

Question 16

In which part of the alimentary canal does most
digestion occur?
a. stomach
b. proximal small intestine
c. distal small intestine
d. ascending colon

Answer 16

b. proximal small intestine

Question 17

Which of these is most associated with villi?

a. haustra
b. lacteals
c. bacterial flora
d. intestinal glands

Answer 17

b. lacteals

Question 18

What is the role of the small intestine’s MALT?
a. secreting mucus
b. buffering acidic chyme
c. activating pepsin
d. preventing bacteria from entering the
bloodstream

Answer 18

d. preventing bacteria from entering the

bloodstream

Question 19

Which part of the large intestine attaches to the
appendix?
a. cecum
b. ascending colon
c. transverse colon
d. descending colon

Answer 19

a. cecum

Question 20

Which of these statements about bile is true?

a. About 500 mL is secreted daily.
b. Its main function is the denaturation of proteins.
c. It is synthesized in the gallbladder.
d. Bile salts are recycled

Answer 20

d. Bile salts are recycled

Question 21

Pancreatic juice ________.

a. deactivates bile.
b. is secreted by pancreatic islet cells.
c. buffers chyme.
d. is released into the cystic duct

Answer 21

c. buffers chyme.

Question 22

Where does the chemical digestion of starch begin?

a. mouth
b. esophagus
c. stomach
d. small intestine

Answer 22

a. mouth

Question 23

Which of these is involved in the chemical digestion of
protein?
a. pancreatic amylase
b. trypsin
c. sucrase
d. pancreatic nuclease

Answer 23

b. trypsin

Question 24

Where are most fat-digesting enzymes produced?

a. small intestine
b. gallbladder
c. liver
d. pancreas

Answer 24

d. pancreas

Question 25

Which of these nutrients is absorbed mainly in the
duodenum?
a. glucose
b. iron
c. sodium
d. water

Answer 25

b. iron