chap 21 Flashcards
a desire to break loose from established governments and rule themselves based on what was seen as “natural” boundaries of national origin
revolutionary nationalism
from revolutionary nationalism, two forms of rule were attempted. These attempts were:
- anarchy: lack of government
- dictatorship
German philosopher who developed idealism and relativism
Immanuel Kant
based thought and action on the way one wishes things were rather than on reality
idealism
the idea that truth is relative and dependent on man’s reasoning
relativism
German philosopher who developed dialectic thinking
G. W. F. Hegel
the idea that one factor or idea (thesis) works against a contradictory fact (antithesis) to create a “new fact” (synthesis)
dialectic thinking
one of the most influential theologians of the 19th-century Protestantism
Friedrich Schleiermacher
“Father of Theological Liberalism” and responsible for “Theology of feeling”
Friedrich Schleiermacher
questioned in the guise of scholarship the inspiration, authority, texts, and meaning of the Bible
“Higher Criticism”
“Prince of the Diplomats”
Prince von Metternich
38 larger states instead of hundreds of tiny states in the Holy Roman Empire
German Confederation
Austria, Prussia, Russia, Great Britain, and France group
Quintuple Alliance (this is the correct answer, she told us something different)
an alliance based on “holy religion, the precepts of justice, Christian charity, and peace”
Holy Alliance
a periodical meeting to put down any rumblings of revolution, it worked for a while
Congress System
Spaniards born in the colonies working for independence
Creoles
Latin Americans of mixed Spanish and Indigenous ancestry
Mestizos
“The Liberator”
Simon Bolivar
1823 U.S. warning to Europe to not intervene in Latin America
Monroe Doctrine
the final blow to the Congress System
Greek move for independence
recognized Greek independence
Treaty of London
restored monarch of France
Louis XVIII
French king who desired a strong monarchy so was revolted in the July Revolution
Charles X
French monarchs in order
- Louis 18
- Charles 10
- Louis Philippe
- Louis Napoleon
who did Louis Napoleon help invade Mexico
Archduke Maximilian (Austria)
organized Young Italy, a secret society aimed at insurrection and unification through violence
Giuseppe Mazzini
prime minister of Sardinia, aimed for unification through diplomacy
Count Cavour
organized a paramilitary group known as the Red Shirts
Giuseppe Garibaldi
first king of a united Italy
Victor Emmanuel II
dominant state in the German Confederation
Prussia
united the German states
Otto von Bismarck
meeting after Napoleon to restore order and stability
Congress of Vienna
at the Congress of Vienna
1. Russian leader
2. English leader
3. French leader
4. Austrian leader
- Czar Alexander I
- Lord Castlereagh
- Charles Maurice de Tallyrand
- Prince von Metternich
new organization where Prussia controlled all but 4 southern German states
North German Confederation
a war to unite the German states
Franco-Prussian War
first emperor of a united Germany
King Wilhelm I
organized Germany’s Navy League
Admiral von Tirpitz
the king of Hungary and the emperor of Austria (Hapsburg family)
Francis Joseph I
alliance between Russia and France
Dual Alliance
reconciled France with Britain
Entente Cordiale
sealed a Russian, French, English alliance
Triple Entente
