Chap 2 - Health Status Flashcards
What is burden of disease (BoD)?
A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called DALY.
What is Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY)?
A measure of burden of disease. One DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to illness and/or death.
DALY = YLL+YLD
What is Health Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE)?
Avarage lenghth of time indrividual at a specfic age can expect to love in full health. Time lived without didease or injury
HALE = LE-YLD
Life Expectancy (LE)?
The number of years of life, on average, remaining to an individual at a particular age if death rates do not change.
What is morbidity rate?
incidence and prevalence of a condition in a population (usually expressed per 100,000).
What is Morbidity?
Ill health in an individual and levels of ill health within a population (expressed as incidence and prevalence).
What is Mortality?
Deaths in a population.
Define mortality rate?
The number of deaths in a population, usually per 100,000 in a 12-month period.
Define Infant mortality rate?
The rate of infant deaths before their first birthday, usually expressed per 1000 live births.
Define Under-five mortality rate.
The number of children who die before their fifth birthday, usually expressed per 1000 live births.
Define Maternal mortality
Death of a mother during pregnancy, childbirth or within six weeks of delivery.
What is maternal mortality ratio?
The number of mothers who die as a result of pregnancy, childbirth or associated treatment per 100 000 women who give birth (or live births).
Define Years of Life Lost (YLL)
measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death.
YLL = LE – age of death
Define Years of Lived with Disability (YLD)
A measure of how many years of healthy life lived are lost due to disease, injury or disability.
Define Prevalence
The total number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.
What is self-assessed health status?
An individual’s own opinion about how they feel about their health, their state of mind and their life in general.
Define health status
An individual’s or populations overall level of health and wellbeing taking into account various aspects such as LE, mortality and morbidity.
Define incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a disease/condition during a specified time, usually 12 months.
How many health status indicators are there?
9
Name all 9 health status indicators
1 Life expectancy
2 Burden of disease (BoD)
3 Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY)
4 Health Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE)
5 Morbidity (morbidity rate)
6 Mortality (mortality rate, infant mortality rate, under-five mortality rate, maternal mortality and maternal mortality ratio)
7 Years of Life Lost (YLL)
8 Years of Lived with Disability (YLD)
9 Self-assessed health status
