chap 2: foodborne illness Flashcards
what is foodborne ilness?
when people consume contaminated food / beverages
state foodborne illness agent.
- bacteria: salmonella, vibrio cholera
- virus: noroviruses, hepatitis A virus
- parasite: tapewarm, toxoplasma gondii, cryptosporidium spp., entamoeba histolytica
- chemical: toxins, veterinary residues
factors that causes FbI.
- unsafe source
- poor personal hygiene
- inadequate cooking
- improper holding temperature
- contaminated equipment
state impact of FbI.
microorganism exist in the form of what?
(nature microorganism)
- unicellular
- multicellular
- cell clusters
where microorganism can be found?
- in raw meat
- in raw egg
- our surroundings: in air, water, soil
- at animal and human
what main concern in FS?
- bacteria
- viruses
- yeast & molds
define pathogen.
small number microorganism – cause disease
define SPOILAGE MICROORGANISM.
microorganism – cause food DETERIORATE & develop UNPLEASANT odors, taste & texture
survival time for microorganism.
hours - years
how do pathogen & spoilage microorganism cause FbI?
- they infect food (present in contaminated food)
- produce toxins (make food become hazardous)
what is foodborne illness ? (exam)
what is bacteria?
- microscopic organism (0.001mm - 0.003mm)
- colonies – visible following laboratory incubation - gram staining)
- classified – gram stain, cell shape
- gram staining – differentiate gram -ve & +ve bacteria
what purpose doing gram-staining
- differentiate gram -ve & +ve bacteria
- to know – bacteria used for treatment
- to know – which is harmful
what bacteria more concern/risau?
➤ gram -ve bact.
➤ because cell wall – more strong & thick
↳ use more strong antibiotic
state bacteria category ?
➤ helpful/essential bacteria:
- grow crops & develop new foods
- digest food – we eat
- treat sewage – make it safe
- create medical drugs
- produce food – yogurt, cheese. fizzy drinks
➤ spoilage bacteria:
- known as rotting & decaying bacteria
- make food perish (spoiled)
➤ pathogenic bacteria:
- transmit illness
state bacterial shape.
➤ cocci: round shape
- S. aureus
➳ diplococci (2) - streptococcus pneumoniae)
➳ tetrad (4)
➳ sarcina (8) - sarcina ventriculi
➳ streptococci (pjg beratur) - streptococcus pyogenes
➳ staphylococci (>8 terabur) - staphylococcus aureus
➤bacilli: rod shape (sosej)
- salmonella spp.
➳ chain of bacilli - bacillus anthracis
➳ flagellate rods ( brbulu) - salmonella typhi
➳ spore-former (buluh asah tajam) - clostridium botulinum
➤ spirochaetes: spiral shape
- leptospira
➤ vibrios: comma shape (ekor 1)
- vibrio cholera
➤ spirilla: corkscrew spiral
(spiral sikit, ekor banyak)
- helicobacter pylori
bacterial structure (gmbar)
sometime present:
- capsule
