Chap 2 Flashcards by Brad Junell

__ __ is the process of gathering and evaluating information, developing initial actions based on that info, and ensuring that the info remains current

Preincident planning

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Assessment of a facility or location Mae before an emergency occurs, in order to prepare for an appropriate emergency response

Preincident survey

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__ __ are not intended to locate code violations

Preincident surveys

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__ __ inspections are performed to ensure that bldgs are up to code and therefore less likely to be at risk for fires or other hazards

Code enforcement

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Because __ __ is the first priority, you must be familiar with the population demographics within your response area

Life safety

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The structures where people __ and __ should be your second priority

Live
Work

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CO’s are more likely to to get accurate info if they are __ when meeting with business owners during Preincident surveys

Respectful

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Architectural drawing showing the overall project layout of the bldg areas, driveways, fences, fire hydrants, and landscape features for a given plot of land; view is from directly above

Plot plan

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Note: taking photos or videos must include the express __ of the owners/occupants

Permission

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__ __ are used to record info identified during the course of a survey

Survey forms

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Note: a bldgs __ does not provide a good vantage point for gathering bldg construction information since the type and location of interior supports may be disguised by brick, stone, or aluminum siding

Exterior

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The locations of the following items should be noted on floor plan drawings:

-Vertical shafts and horizontal openings
-fire pro equip such as standpipe/sprinkler controls
-fire control centers
-safe haven areas
-open pits and other process hazards

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Life safety info is collected in 2 basic topic areas:

Protection and evacuation of occupants and protection of FF’s

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__ a bldg can be more difficult if the occupants are disabled, or very young, such as infants

Evacuating

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Everything within a structure that is not part of the structure can be considered its contents. The amount of contents is used to determine the __ __ in the structure

Fuel load

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When CO’s observe and record the fuel load of bldg’s during Preincident surveys, they are primarily addressing the __ __ considerations of Preincident planning

Fire control

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The materials used in the construction of most __ commercial and __ bldg’s contribute relatively little fuel to a fire

Modern
Mercantile

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The only evidence that a fire exists within concealed structural spaces is __ of wall spaces, noise, __ __, or light __ in the air

Discoloration
Radiant heat
Smoke

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Noncombustible barriers or dividers hound from the ceiling in large open areas that are designed to minimize the mushrooming effect of heat and smoke and impede the flow of heat.

Draft curtains

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Provides guidelines for the design and installation of smoke and heat venting equip and recommends using automatic heat activated roof vents and draft curtains (curtain boards)

NFPA 204, Standard for Smoke and Heat Venting

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Various types of vents and curtain boards:

Automatic roof and wall vents
Atrium vents
Monitors
Skylights-thermoplastic panels
Curtain boards

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UFAD

Underfloor air distribution systems

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Plastic that softens with an increased temp and hardens with decreased temps but does not undergo any chemical change

Thermoplastic

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During a Preincident survey, pay particular attention to the absence or locations and conditions of:

Fixed fire extinguishing systems
Standpipe systems
Fire detection and alarm systems
Smoke, heat, or alarm activated doors

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A Preincident survey should include the location of..

Hydrants

Instrument that is inserted into a flowing fluid to measure the velocity pressure of the stream

Pitot gauge

Personnel should be aware of __ __ supplies, such as lakes, that could be helpful at certain incidents

Static water

Caution: always consider the potential need for a __ __ supply

Secondary water

Your ability to control a fire will depend mainly on proper __ and the amount of __ you have available

Tactics Water

__ __ __ is used to describe the estimated uninterrupted quantity of water expressed in gpm/lpm needed to extinguish a well established fire

Required fire flow

ISO

Insurance Services Office

ICC

International Code Council

Factory Mutual

In the 1980’s, the NFA developed a formula for estimating fire flow based on the percentage of involvement:

gpm=(L x W)/3 x % involvement For an offensive interior attack no more than 50% involved

Before making an offensive interior attack with the water available on your apparatus, consider how much before you have…

A constant water supply

__ __ is a formal written agreement between jurisdictions that share a common boundary

Automatic aid

Automatic aid occurs whenever certain __ conditions occur

Predetermined

__ __ is a reciprocal agreement between 2 or more fire and emerg service org’s

Mutual aid

Responses under a mutual aid agreement are usually based on an __ __ basis

On request

Horizontal member between trusses that support the roof

Purlin

Open web (diagonal member) trusses or wooden I-beams have replaced conventional subfloor construction and contain __ __ that are known to prematurely fail during a fire

Gusset plates

Wall that supports itself, the weight of the roof, and/or other internal framing components, such as the floor beams and trusses above it

Load bearing wall

Wall, usually interior, that supports only its own weight. Can be breached or moved without compromising structural integrity

Non load bearing wall

Incapable of supporting combustion under normal circumstances

Noncombustible

Steel structural members that are covered with either spray on fire proofing or fully encased

Protected steel

Reinforced or precast concrete, masonry, and protected steel frame meet the criteria for..

Type 1 construction

Type 1 construction are often referred to incorrectly as..

Fireproof

Type 1 will generally have limited interior __ fire extension

Vertical

The most common fires in type 1 are..

Room and contents

Factors that affects strategy and tactics in type 1:

High occupancy load and type Location of fire and # of floors involved Access/egress Ventilation difficulties Building safety features Resource needs

__ __ consists of Noncombustible, or protected combustible, materials that do not meet the stricter requirements of type 1

Type II

__ __ requires that exterior walls be constructed of noncombustible materials, typically masonry

Type III

Some type III bldgs have __ __ and anchor plates that span from one side of the bldg to the other connected to ornamental stars or plates on the exterior

Tie rods

__ __ uses large dimensioned timber (greater than 4”) for all structural elements

Type IV

In type IV, __ __ are not permitted between structural members

Concealed spaces

Any other bldg materials used in construction and not made of wood must have a fire resistance rating of at least __ in type IV

1 hr

__ __ is commonly known as wood frame or frame construction

Type V

Unclassified construction types include __ __ homes

Factory built (manufactured, prefabric, and industrustrialized housing)

5 categories of factory built homes:

Manufactured (most common) Modular Panelized Precut Hybrid modular

Fires that begin in an __ __ plan structure will likely be initially fuel controlled because they will have adequate oxygen available

Open floor

A fire in a __ structure will generally be vent-controlled based on the amount of oxygen available within the compartment

Compartmentalized

The space between the top floor and the roof:

Attic or cockloft

The structural failure of a bldg or any portion of it resulting from a fire, snow, wind, water, or damage from other forces

Structural collapse

The primary concern with type I high rise bldg’s is __ __ from windows and walls, not collapse

Flying glass

Type II- when exposed to temps above __, unprotected steel will expand and twist, pushing out walls, and when cooled slightly constrict

1000*F

Least likely to collapse

Type IV

Type V multistory will generally burn through and collapse __

Inward

250 gpm adds _ ton of water weight per minute to the structure

Chap 2 Flashcards

Prefire Planning (68 cards)