Chap 17.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Caravel

A

a small, fast, maneuverable ship that had a large cargo hold and usually three masts with lateen sails

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2
Q

Colony

A

a settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent country by trade and direct government control

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3
Q

Conquistador

A

a leader in the Spanish conquest of America

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4
Q

Mercantilism

A

a set of principles that dominated economic thought in the seventeenth century; it held that the prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of gold and silver

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5
Q

Plantations

A

a large agricultural estate

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6
Q

Middle Passage

A

the forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas

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7
Q

Peninsulare

A

a person born on the Iberian Peninsula; typically, a Spanish or Portuguese official who resided temporarily in Latin America for political and economic gain and then returned to Europe

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8
Q

Creole

A

a person of European descent born in Latin America and living there permanently

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9
Q

Encomienda

A

a system of labor the Spanish used in the Americas; Spanish landowners had the right, as granted by Queen Isabella, to use Native Americans as laborers

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10
Q

Mestizo

A

a man of mixed race, especially one having Spanish and indigenous descent

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11
Q

Mulatto

A

a person of mixed white and black ancestry, especially a person with one white and one black parent

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12
Q

Mita

A

a labor system that the Spanish administrators in Peru used to draft native people to work

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13
Q

Marco polo

A

-traveled from Venice to the Chinese court
-wrote account of experiences “the travels”

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14
Q

religious and economic motives

A

-merchants, adventurers, and state officials had high hopes of expanding trade
-many Catholics wanted to spread their faith to indigenous people (Jesuits?)

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15
Q

new European technologies

A

-more accurate maps
-magnetic compass (invented in china)
-learned about wind patterns

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16
Q

portugese explorers

A

-explored africa for gold 1420
-took control of spice trade from Muslims

17
Q

spanish explorers

A

-sailed Atlantic ocean to asia
-while looking for asia, Columbus found americas
-magellan is considered first person to sail the world

18
Q

spain vs portugal

A

both got to the americas around the same time so they resolved territory concerns w the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)

19
Q

conquest of the aztec

A

-aztec ruled most of cental mexico
-Cortes’ Spanish troop landed in Mexico 1519
-diseases spread among astec
-spanish took over atec and Mexico and colonized the land

20
Q

conquest of the inca

A

-the inca were in south america
-spanish brought new diseases and weapons to the inca
-after the emperor died a civil war began
-spanish took the opportunity to take over cuzco, the inca capital

21
Q

european rivals

A

-european countries bagan to challenge spanish and portugese control of the Americas