Chap 10 Flashcards
What is a calorie?
A calorie is a unit of energy used to measure the amount of energy provided by food.
What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen.
What is glycolysis?
Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP.
True or False: NAD+ is an electron carrier involved in cellular respiration.
True
What is the Krebs Cycle also known as?
The Krebs Cycle is also known as the Citric Acid Cycle.
Where does the Krebs Cycle take place?
The Krebs Cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix.
Fill in the blank: The end products of glycolysis are ___ and ATP.
pyruvate
What is fermentation?
Fermentation is an anaerobic process that converts sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol.
What type of respiration occurs in muscle cells during intense exercise?
Anaerobic respiration.
What are the two main types of fermentation?
Lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.
True or False: The Krebs Cycle occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
False
What is produced during the Krebs Cycle?
Carbon dioxide, ATP, NADH, and FADH2.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a product of glycolysis? (A) Oxygen (B) Lactic acid (C) Pyruvate (D) Carbon dioxide
C) Pyruvate
What is the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?
NAD+ acts as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle.
Fill in the blank: In aerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is ___ .
oxygen
What process follows glycolysis if oxygen is present?
Aerobic respiration.
What is the net gain of ATP from one molecule of glucose during glycolysis?
2 ATP.
True or False: Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than aerobic respiration.
False
What is the main advantage of fermentation?
Fermentation allows for energy production without oxygen.
What molecule is regenerated in fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue?
NAD+.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a stage of cellular respiration? (A) Glycolysis (B) Krebs Cycle (C) Electron Transport Chain (D) Photosynthesis
D) Photosynthesis
Fill in the blank: The Krebs Cycle takes place in the ___ of the mitochondria.
matrix
What is the primary purpose of the Krebs Cycle?
To produce electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) for the electron transport chain.
True or False: Glycolysis can occur in the absence of oxygen.
True
What byproduct is produced during alcoholic fermentation?
Ethanol and carbon dioxide.
What type of organisms typically use anaerobic respiration?
Certain bacteria and yeast.
What is the relationship between glycolysis and fermentation?
Fermentation is a process that occurs after glycolysis when oxygen is not available.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a key feature of aerobic respiration? (A) Produces less ATP (B) Requires oxygen (C) Occurs in the cytoplasm (D) All of the above
B) Requires oxygen
What is the purpose of the electron transport chain?
To produce the majority of ATP during cellular respiration using the electrons from NADH and FADH2.
Fill in the blank: The end products of aerobic respiration are ___ and water.
carbon dioxide
